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pg.173-180 Genetics
genetics vocab words
30
Biology
10th Grade
09/13/2011

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Term
Genetics
Definition
the science of heredity
Term
Heredity
Definition
the transmission of genetic characters from parents to offspring
Term
trait
Definition
a distinguishing characteristic or quality,
Term
pollination
Definition
the transfer of  pollen from the anther to the stigma.
Term
self-pollination
Definition
the transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma of the same flower,
Term
cross-pollination
Definition
 the transfer of pollen from the flower of one plant to the flower of a plant having a different genetic constitution.
Term
P generation
Definition
parental generation
Term
F1 generation
Definition
the first generation produced by a cross and consisting of individuals heterozygous for characters in which the parents differ
Term
F2 generation
Definition
the generation produced by interbreeding individuals of an F 1 generation
Term
dominant
Definition
occupying or being in a commanding or elevated  position
Term
Recessive
Definition
 tending to go, move, or slant back
Term
law of segregation
Definition
originated by Gregor Mendel, stating that during the production of gametes the two copies of each hereditary factor segregate so that offspring acquire one factor from each parent.
Term
law of independant assortment
Definition
 originated by Gregor Mendel, stating that when two or more characteristics are inherited, individual hereditary factors assort independently during gamete production, giving different traits an equal opportunity of occurring together.
Term
molecular genetics
Definition
 the study of the molecular constitution of genes and chromosomes
Term
allele
Definition
any of several forms of a gene,
Term
genotype
Definition
the sum total of genes transmitted from parent to offspring
Term
phenotype
Definition
the observable constitution of an organism.
Term
homozygous
Definition
having identical pairs of genes for any given pair of hereditary characteristics.
Term
heterozygous
Definition
having dissimilar pairs of genes for any hereditary characteristic.
Term
probability
Definition

 

a strong likelihood or chance of something

Term
monohybrid cross
Definition
the offspring of individuals that differ with respect to a particular gene pair.
Term
punnett square
Definition
 a type of grid used to show the gametes of each parent and their possible offspring; a type of grid that can indicate all the possible outcomes of a genetic cross
Term
genotypic ratio
Definition
the ratio of genotypes that appear in offspring
Term
phenotypic ratio
Definition
the ratio of the offsprings phenotypes
Term
testcross
Definition
a genetic  test for heterozygosity in which an organism of dominant phenotype,
Term
complete dominance
Definition
one allel was dominant over another
Term
incomplete dominance
Definition
offspring will have a phenotype in between that of the parents
Term
codominance
Definition
of or pertaining to two different alleles that are fully expressed in a heterozygous individual.
Term
dihybrid
Definition
of or pertaining to two different alleles that are fully expressed in a heterozygous individual.
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