Term
Classify as an alkane, alkene or alkyne:
C12H22 |
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Definition
Alkyne. The general formula for an alkyne is CnH2n-2.
Alkynes have a triple bond between 2 carbon atoms in the molecule. |
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Term
Which compound is more soluble in liquid hexane:
[image] or [image] |
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Definition
[image]
because it is more "like" hexane - it is a hydrocarbon chain without any functional groups, like hexane.
Remember the phrase "like dissolves like." |
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Term
Classify as an alcohol, acid or ester:
[image] |
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Definition
It is an ester.
Remember that esters have the general structure
[image] |
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Term
Phenol is the name of the compound consisting of a benzene ring with an alcohol functional group attached.
1. Draw the structural formula.
2. Write the molecular formula. |
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Definition
[image] or
[image]
C6H6O is the molecular formula |
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Term
Draw the line angle structure of 2-pentanol.
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Definition
[image]
The ends of the molecule do not necessarily need the CH3 written in. |
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Term
Name this compound:
C7H16 |
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Definition
Heptane.
We know it's an alkane because of the general formula CnH2n+2 |
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Term
| Describe the structural formula and shape of the molecule ethyne. |
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Definition
Ethyne has a triple bond between the carbon atoms:
[image]
The 4 atoms in ethyne would all be in a straight line.
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Term
Name this compound:
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
| A triple convalent bond between two carbon atoms contains how many electrons? |
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Definition
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Term
1. What does the "R" in [image] mean?
2. What class of molecule is this? |
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Definition
1. The "R" stands for the rest of the carbon chain in the molecule.
2. This is an acid. |
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Term
| Draw the structural formula of propyne. |
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Definition
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Term
| Alkenes are classified as unsaturated hydrocarbons. Explain what this means. |
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Definition
| Not all of the carbon atoms are bonded to the maximum number of hydrogen atoms. When you make a double bond, you must remove hydrogens. |
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Term
1. Alcohol, acid or ester?
[image]
2. Name this compound. |
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Definition
| It is an acid - propanoic acid. |
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Term
Draw the structure of the ester produced from the reaction below:
butanoic acid + ethanol --> |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the general formula for an alkene? |
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Definition
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Term
Draw an isomer of
[image] |
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Definition
3 possibilities:
[image] [image]
[image] |
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Term
Name this compound:
[image] |
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Definition
propene
(not 1-propene, because there is no other place for the double bond to go, therefore you don't need the "1" |
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Term
Alcohol, ester or acid (and name it):
[image] |
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Definition
| alcohol - it is named ethanol. |
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Term
1. What is the molecular formula of cycloheptane?
2. Draw the structural formula. |
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Definition
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Term
True or False:
1. Carbon always makes 4 bonds.
2. Carbon always bonds to 4 other atoms.
3. Carbon has a molar mass of 6 g/mol. |
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Definition
1. TRUE
2. FALSE
3. FALSE. The molar mass of carbon is 12 g/mol. |
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Term
| Draw the structure of benzene, showing all hydrogens. |
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Definition
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Term
Is the molecule
CH3CHCHCH2CH3
saturated or unsaturated? |
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Definition
| Unsaturated. Since two middle carbons are only bonded to one hydrogen each, they must be double bonded to each other. |
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Term
Which compound is more soluble in water:
[image] or
[image] |
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Definition
Methanol, because the nonpolar part of the compound (the carbon part) is smaller. Water doesn't have any carbon atoms, so the smaller hydrocarbon is more soluble in water.
They are both soluble to some extent, because both have the -OH functional group like water. |
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Term
Toluene is a commonly-used organic solvent. It is a benzene ring with a methyl group substituted for a hydrogen.
1. Draw the structural formula.
2. Write the molecular formula. |
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Definition
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Term
Which acid is required to synthesize this ester?
Name the acid.
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
| To make an ester, you react an ____ with an ____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Ester molecules have how many oxygen atoms in their structures? |
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Definition
Two. See the general structure of an ester below.
[image] |
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Term
In this general formula for an ester, the R' group comes from the (acid / alcohol).
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
Cis, trans, or neither:
[image] |
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Definition
trans (look at the methyl groups) |
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Term
Cis, trans, or neither:
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
Cis, trans, or neither:
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the "circle" inside the structural formula of a benzene molecule symbolize? |
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Definition
| 6 electrons, equally shared among all of the carbon-to-carbon bonds. |
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