If parents do not satisfy the child's needs for safety and satisfaction

Basic Anxiety

repressed hostility that leads to profound feelings of insecurity and vague feelings of aprehension

Defenses against basic anxiety

1) Affection

2) Submissiveness

3) Power

4) Withdrawal

Affection

defense against basic anxiety

try to gain other people's love artificially

(buying gifts, compliance, or even sexual favors)

Submissiveness

defense against basic anxiety

may submit themselves to institutions, people, or religion

neurotics usually use this in order to gain affection

Power

defense against basic anxiety

defense against real or imagined hostility of others by way of dominance

two methods of power are PRESTIGE and POSSESSION

Withdrawal

defense against basic anxiety

becoming emotionally detached and/or developing an extreme independence from people

10 Neurotic Needs

1) affection + approval

2) powerful partner

3) to restric one's life within narrow borders

4) power

5) to exploit others

6) social recognition

7) personal admiration

8) ambition and personal achievement

9) self sufficiency and independence

10) perfection and unassailability

Neurotic Trends

1) Moving toward poeple

2) Moving against people

3) Moving away from people

Moving Towards people

 1) affection + approval

2) powerful partner

3) to restric one's life within narrow borders

Moving Against People

 4) power

5) to exploit others

6) social recognition

7) personal admiration

8) ambition and personal achievement

Moving Away From People

9) self sufficiency and independence

10) perfection and unassailability

Idealized Self-Image

an intrapsychic conflict

an attempt to solve conflicts by painting a godlike picture of oneself

Self Hatred

an intrapsychic conflict

an interrelated yet equally irrational and powerful tendency to despise one's real self due to inability to match real self to idealized self

3 Aspects of the Idealized Self-Image

1) The Neurotic Search for Glory

2) Neurotic Claims

3) Neurotic Pride

The Neurotic Search for Glory

comprehensive drive towards actualizing the ideal self

self-idealization: need for perfection, neurotic ambition, and the drive toward a vindictive triumph

Neurotic Claims

creation of fantasy world where the neurotic person feels need to be treated the way they see it in their minds

Neurotic Pride

false pride not based on a realistic view of the true self but on a spurious image of the idealized self

 6 Methods of

Expressed Self-Hatred

1) Relentless demands on the self

2) Merciless Self-Accusation

3) Self Contempt

4) Self-Frustration

5) Self-Torment

6) Self-Destructive Actions + Impulses

Tension

a potentiality for action that may or may not be experienced in awareness

1) needs: results in positive actions

2) anxiety: results in nonproductive behaviors

Energy Transformations

behaviors that are aimed at satisfying needs and reducing anxiety

Tenderness

most basic interpersonal need; requires actions from two people (baby cries, mom reacts)

two types of needs: general and zonal

General Need

is concerned with the overall well-being of a person

(oxygen, food, water, etc.)

Zonal Need

needs that arise from a particular area of the body

(hands needs to touch, eyes need to blink, etc.)

 Needs

Tensions brought on by biological imbalance between a person and physiochemical enviornment

Anxiety

disjunctive, diffuse, + vague

stems from complex interpersonal situations

main destructive force blocking the development of healthy interpersonal relationships

 Dynamisms

typical behavior patterns that characterize a person throughout a lifetime

Disjunctive dynamisms

destructive patterns of behavior that are related to the concept of malevolence

Isolating Dynamisms

those behavior patterns (like lust) that are unrelated to interpersonal relations

Conjunctive Dynamisms

beneficial behavior patterns (like intimacy)

Malevolence 

Disjunctive dynamism of evil and hatred

characterized by the feeling of living amongst one's enemies

if parents use physical pain or harsh remarks to control child's behavior, child will withold need for tenderness and adopt this attitude

takes form of timidity, mishiveousness, cruelty, or other antisocial behavior

Intimacy

grows out of earlier need for tenderness

involves a close interpersonal relationship between two people of equal status

developes prior to puberty; NOT sexual

draws out loving reactions

Lust

isolating tendency

requires no other person

leads to a reduction of self-esteem

Self-System

consistent pattern of behaviors that maintains people's interpersonal security

developes at 12-18 mos.; develope ability to detect changes in anxiety (built in warning device)

Dissociation

Self-System security operation

impulses, desires, and needs that a person refuses to allow into awareness

^results in manifestations in dreams and other unintentional activities

Self-System security operation

 the refusal to see the things we don't want to see

more accessible to our awareness

("good" driver forgetting about laws he broke)

Personifications

images of ourselves and others aquired over time

can be accurate or distorted

can develope 3 personifications from this:

1)bad mother, good mother 2) Me Personification

3) Eidetic Personification

Bad Mother, Good Mother

similar to Klein's

grows out of experience with the "bad nipple"; completely undifferentiated

after bad image is formed, we aquire a good mother personification

Me Personifications

Bad Me: from experiences of punishment and disapproval

Good Me: from experiences with reward and approval

Not Me: from severe anxiety; leads to dissociation or selective attention

Eidetic Personifications

unrealistic traits or imaginary friends

as adults, see fictitous traits in others

Levels of Cognition

ways of perceiving, imagining, and conceiving

Prototaxic Level

Parataxic Level

Syntaxic Level

Prototaxic Level

level of cognition

earliest subjective experiences

beyond concious recall

as adults, take the form of momentary sensations

Parataxic Level

level of cognition

experiences that are prelogical and result when illusory correlation is assumed

Syntaxic Level

level of cognition

experiences that are consensually validated and can be accurately communicated to others