Term
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Definition
| Differences in personality from one person to another |
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Term
| Intrapersonal functioning |
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Definition
| Psychological processes that take place within the person |
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Definition
| the quality of requiring few assumptions; simplicity |
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Definition
| a dynamic organization, inside the person, of psychophysical systems that create the person's characteristic patterns of behaviors, thoughts, and feelings. |
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Definition
| A summary statement, a principle or set of principles about a class of events. |
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Definition
| An in-depth study of one individual. |
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Definition
| a relationship such that variation in one dimension produces variation in another |
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Definition
| an association large enough to have some practical importance |
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Definition
| a relationship in which two variables or dimensions covary when measured repeatedly |
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Definition
| a numeric index of the degree of correlation between two variables |
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Definition
| the variable measured as the outcome of an experiment; the effect in a cause-effect relationship |
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Definition
| statistics used to describe or characterize some group |
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Definition
| a method in which one variable is manipulated to test for causal influence on another variable. |
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Term
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Definition
| the holding constant of variables that are not being manipulated |
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Term
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Definition
| the method in which one variable is manipulated to test for causal influence on another variable. |
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Term
| experimental personality research |
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Definition
| a study involving a personality factor and an experimental factor |
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Term
| generality (generalizability) |
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Definition
| the degree to which a conclusion applies to many people |
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Term
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Definition
| relating to an approach that focuses on a particular person across situations |
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Term
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Definition
| the variable manipulated in an experiment and tested as the cause in a cause-effect relationship |
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Term
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Definition
| statistics used to judge whether a relationship exists between variables |
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Term
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Definition
| a finding in which the effect of one predictor variable differs depending on the level of another predictor variable |
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Term
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Definition
| a finding in which the effect of one predictor variable is independent of other variables. |
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Term
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Definition
| a study with two or more predictor variables |
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Term
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Definition
| the study of the whole person, as opposed to the study of only one aspect of the person |
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Term
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Definition
| an association large enough to have practical importance |
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Term
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Definition
| the process of putting people randomly into groups of an experiment so their characteristics balance out across groups |
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Term
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Definition
| the likelihood of an obtained effect occurring when there is no true effect |
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Term
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Definition
| the possibility that an unmeasured variable cause variations in both of two correlated variables. |
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Term
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Definition
| a dimension along which two or more variations exist |
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Term
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Definition
| the response set of tending to say "yes" ("agree") in response to any question |
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Term
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Definition
| the measuring of personality |
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Term
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Definition
| the accuracy with which a measure reflects the underlying concept |
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Term
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Definition
| the degree to which a measure relates to other characteristics that are conceptually similar to what it's supposed to assess |
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Term
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Definition
| the developing of a test by seeing which items distinguish between groups |
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Term
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Definition
| the degree to which the measure correlates with a separate criterion reflecting the same concept |
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Term
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Definition
| the degree to which a scale does NOT measure unintended qualities |
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Term
| Empirical approach (to scale development) |
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Definition
| The use of data instead of theory to decide what should go into the measure |
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Term
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Definition
| random influences that are incorporated in measurements |
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Term
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Definition
| the scale "looks" as if it measures what it's supposed to measure |
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Term
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Definition
| measuring associations between the sense of self and aspects of personality that are implicit (hard to introspect about). |
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Term
| Internal Reliability (internal consistency) |
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Definition
| agreement among responses made to the items of a measure |
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Term
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Definition
| the degree of agreement between observers of the same events |
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Term
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Definition
| a personality test measuring several aspects of personality on distinct sub scales |
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Term
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Definition
| a measure that incorporates no interpretation |
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Term
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Definition
| an assessment in which someone else produces information about the person being assessed |
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Term
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Definition
| the defining of a concept by the concrete events through which it's measured (or manipulated) |
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Definition
| the degree to which the measure predicts other variables it should predict |
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Term
| rational approach (to scale development) |
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Definition
| the use of a theory to decide what you want to measure and then deciding how to measure it |
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Term
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Definition
| consistency across repeated measurements |
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Term
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Definition
| a biased orientation to answering |
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Term
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Definition
| an assessment in which people make ratings pertaining to themselves |
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Term
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Definition
| the response set of tending to portray oneself favorably |
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Term
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Definition
| assessing internal consistency among responses to items of a measure by splitting the items into halves and then correlating them |
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Term
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Definition
| a measure incorporating personal interpretation |
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Term
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Definition
| the stability of measurements across time |
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Term
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Definition
| same as rational approach- the use of a theory to decide what you want to measure and then deciding how to measure it |
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Term
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Definition
| the degree to which a measure actually measures what it's intended to measure |
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Term
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Definition
| the pattern of situation-behavior links the person has established over experiences in some specific domain |
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Term
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Definition
| a theory holding that a vulnerability plus stress creates problems in behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| a person who's outgoing and prefers social and exciting activities |
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Term
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Definition
| a dimension that underlies a set of interrelated measures, such as items on a self-report inventory |
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Term
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Definition
| a statistical procedure used to find basic dimensions underlying a set of measures |
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Term
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Definition
| a correlation between a single measure and the factor to which it's being related |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to an approach that focuses on an individual person's uniqueness |
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Term
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Definition
| the idea that situations and personality interact to determine behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| personality patterns deriving from varying levels of dominance and love |
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Term
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Definition
| a person who prefers solitary activities |
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Term
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Definition
| an index of the importance of a trait based on the number of words that refer to it |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to an approach that focuses on norms and on variations among persons |
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Definition
| a factor that emerges from a factor analysis performed on a set of previously found factors |
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Term
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Definition
| the idea that situations are the primary determinants of behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| continuous dimensions of personality on which people vary |
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Term
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Definition
| distinct and discontinuous categories of persons |
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