Personality Traits

Personality Theory-Five Factor Model

-complex pattern of behavior, thought and feeling that is stable over time and across many situations.

-Openness

-Continuum

-Extroversion

-Agreeableness

-Neoroticism

All Personality Disorders (PD)

Criteria A and B

-Longstanding, pervasive, inflexible patterns of behavior inner experienc

 (thinking and feeling)

Patterns present in at least 2 areas:

     -Cognition

     -Emotion

     -Relationships

     -Impulse control

Cluster A

Odd/Eccentric

-Paranoid

-Schizoid

-Schizotypal

Cluster B

Dramatic/Erratic

-Antisocial

-Borderline

-Histrionic

-Narcissistic

Cluster C

Anxious/Fearful

-Avoidant

-Dependent

-Obsessive Compulsive

-Personality Traits on a continuum

     - establishes continuity btn normal/abnormal behavior

-Tackles comorbidity issue-makes diagnosis more reliable

-Information not easily attainabel; research difficule

Odd/Eccentric Cluster:

Paranoid Personality Disorder

Pervasive distrust and suspiciousness (4 or more)

-Suspicious

     -secretive; reluctant to confide in others

-Expects to be mistreated/exploited

     -vigilant for confirming evidence

-percieves attacks on reputation-reacts angrily

-questions loyalty

-bears grudges for percieved wrongs

Odd/Eccentric Cluster:

Schiziod Personality Disorder

Pattern of Detachement (4+)

-lack the desire to form relationships

-loner

-rarely report strong emotions

-little interest in sex

-experiences anhedonia

Odd/Eccentric Cluster:

Schizotypal Personality Disorder

Pattern of social deficits; eccentricities of behavior

-oddities in cognition

     -odd beliefs or magical thinking

    -paranoia

    -ideas of reference

     -illusions

-odd/eccentric behavior or appereace

Dramatic/Erratic:

Borderline Personality Disorder 1

Pervasive pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships (5+)

-impulsive(2 areas that are self damaging)

-unstable, stormy, intense relationships

-Emotional reactivity

-frantic efforts to avoid abandonment/emptiness

-unstable sense of self

-anger control problems

- recurrent suicidal gestures/self-mutilating

Dramatic/Erratic:

Bordrline Personality Disorder 2

-onset during adolescence or early adulthood

-prognosis poor within 10 years  diagnosis

     -later in life, most no longer meet diagnostic criteria    

-cormorbidity high with PTSD, MDD, substance-related, and eating disorders

-suicide rates high

     -self-mutilation also a problem

Dramatic/Erratic:

Histrionic Personality Disorder

pervasive pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking(5+)

-overly dramatic and attention seeking behavior

-craves attention; loves to ve in the spotlight

-emotionally shallow despite strong displays of emotion

-overly concerned with physical attractiveness

-may be sexually provocative and seductive

Dramatic/Erratic:

Narcissistic Personality Disorder

Pervasive pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration and lack of empathy(5+)

-grandiose veiew of self

-self-centered

-lacks empathy

-envious of others

-arrogant

-little concern for needs and well being of others

-sensitive to criticism

-seeks out high-status partners

Dramatic/Erratic:

Antisocial Personality Disorder

Pervasive disregard for the rights of others since age 15(3+)

-LIes/cons

-aggrsive/irritable

-impulsivity/failure to plan ahead

-failure to conform to social laws

-disregard for safety of self/others

-lacks remorse

-consistently irresponsible

-Conduct disorder before age 15

Anxious/Fearful:

Avoidant Personality Disorder

pervasive pattern of social inhbiton, feelings of inadequacy and herpersensitivity to negative evaluation(4+)

-avoids interpersonal situations

-hesitant about involvement with others

-restrained and inhibited in interpersonal situations

-avoids taking risks or trying new activities

-high comorbidity with major depression and generalized social phobia

Anxious/Fearful:

Dependent Personality Disorder

Pervasive/excessive need to be taken care of that leads submissive, clinging behavior(5+)

-lack of self confidence

-excessive reliance on others

-intense need to be cared for

-uncomfortable when alone

-feels helpless to care for self

-behavior focused on maintaing relationships

-quickly initiates new relationships if current one fails

Anxious/Fearful:

Obsessive-Compulsive Personality

Pervasive pattern of preoccupation w/perfectionism/orderliness/unflexible

-perfectionist

-preoccupied with rules, details & organization

-rigid and inflexible

-overly focused on work

-tendency to hoard

-reluctant to delegate

-moral inflexibitlity

-doesnt have the obsesseions/compulsions of ock

-most frequently comorbid with avoidant pd