Term
| Four ways to collect Data |
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Definition
BLIS - Behavior
- Life Outcomes
- Informants' judgments
- Self judgements
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can't be proved true it can only be supported by empirical evidence |
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| why do we have different theories? |
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Definition
- complicated phenomenon
- measurements have error
- issues of reliability, validity, and generalizability
- cohort/history effects for measurement as well as theory creation
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Term
| Erikson's 8 stages of Man |
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Definition
• Trust vs. mistrust • Autonomy vs. shame/doubt • Initiative vs. guilt • Industry vs. inferiority • Identity vs. identity confusion (adolescence) • Intimacy vs. isolation • Generativity vs. stagnation • Integrity vs. despair |
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| Erikson had this type of development approach rather than Freuds " " appraoch |
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Definition
| Erikson: Psychosocial development, rather than Freud: psychosexual |
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Term
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Definition
Psychic determinism internal structure psychic conflict (compromise) mental energy |
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(One of Freud's Basic Tenets)
- There is a reason for everything.
- Psychoanalysis serves to uncover the unknown reasons through “insight”
- There are no accidents or slips of the tongue.
- There are reasons for conversational turns
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Term
Internal Structure (Of Freud's Theory of Psychoanalyis) |
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Definition
Unconscious Preconscious Conscious |
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Term
unconscious (Psychoanalytic Theory) |
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Definition
Instinctual elements, the “phylogenetic endowment” or experiences we all inherit by being human Material has been barred from our consciousness and affects our consciousness indirectly
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Preconscious (Psychoanalytic theory) |
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Definition
• Part of the unconscious, but which can be easily made conscious. Memories you can recall
• The holding tank for memories of conscious |
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Conscious (Psychoanalytic Theory) |
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Definition
• A very small portion of the mind
• What we are aware of at any given moment, including what we can perceive in the environment
• That which has passed the censorship of the conscious and preconscious |
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Term
Unconscious drives (Of Freud's Internal Structure) |
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Definition
Impulses -life supporting (libido, sexual) -death supporting (aggresive) |
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Term
| Two types of unconscious impulses |
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Definition
life supporting death supporting |
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Term
| 4 components of impulses (Freud's unconscious impulses) |
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Definition
Source: where did impulse arise? Aim: to reduce need or give satisfaction. Impetus: amount of energy used to satisfy impulse Object: thing/action that serves to satisfy impulse |
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Term
| Internal Structure of Psychoanalytic Theory |
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Definition
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Term
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(part of internal structure) • Reduce tension
• Increase pleasure
• Minimize discomfort
(pleasure principle) |
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Term
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Definition
(part of internal structure) • Ensure health of personality
• Ensure safety of personality
• Ensure sanity of personality
(relatity principle)
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Definition
(part of internal structure)
• Act as conscience and restrict, prohibit, judge conscious activity • Observe the self
• Form ideals. Parents/society values and standards
• Conscience/guilt
(moral principle)
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Term
Psychic conflict arises with issues between these three things.... (according to Freud) |
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Definition
Id (pleasure) Ego (reality Superego (moral) |
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Term
| Freud's Psychosexual stages of development |
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Definition
OAPLG Oral Anal Phallic (Latency?) Genital |
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Term
| Characteristics of Freud's Theory of Psychosexual development |
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Definition
- Development stage progression
- Resolution of challenges/crises/tasks
- Closed system, finite amount of energy
- A primary erogenous zone for each
- Something specific to each stage that must be resolved before you can advance.
- May be cognitive, emotional, etc
- Fixations
- Inhibit stage progression
- Create a need for additional energy, and therefore less available for continued development
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Term
Oral Stage -time period -body part -psychological theme -adult character type |
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Definition
- Infancy-18 months
- Mouth, lips, tongue-primary erogenous zone or “physical focus”
- Where the life force and orimary feelings of pleasure are concentrated
- Bond created with mother through breastfeeding
- Psychological Theme: dependency/wants
- Adult character type: (fixated-additional energy devoted)
- Extremely independent (and/or)
- Extremely dependent
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Term
| Anal Stage -time period -body part -psychological theme -adult character type |
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Definition
- The toddler steps out and world steps in
- 18mo to 3.5 yrs
- walking-autonomy
- physical focus-anus and eliminative organs
- Psychological Theme: wants interrupted, self control
- Adult Character Type:
- Anal-overly concerned with control
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Term
Phallic Stage characteristics time period physical focus psychological theme adult character type |
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Definition
• 4-7 yrs • Physical focus-penis or lack there-of • Home of the Oedipus Complex Psychological Theme: what it means to be boy or girl: identification Love, sexuality, fear, jealousy
Development of morality and sexuality
Adult Character type: Extreme moral code/asexual
Extreme lack thereof/promiscuous
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Term
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Definition
• Other gender has cooties
• Adolescence/puberty
• Physical focus-genital
• Attitudes toward sexuality
• Added component of reproduction, responsibility toward nurturance of new life
Psychological Theme: Maturity
Adult Character Type: Not attained at all? How much libidinal energy is left Army analogy: fixation and regression
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Term
| Freud's definition of Mental health |
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Definition
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Term
| Important parts of Freud's theory |
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Definition
• Other important points
o Tension and resolution
o Moderate solution
• If needs are met every time: overdependence
• If needs are never met: overly independent
o Sets up points of divergence for future theorists (Neo Freudians, object relations, psychodynamic)
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Term
| Defense Mechanisms of Freud |
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Definition
Repression Denial Reaction Formation Projection Rationalization Intellectualization Displacement Sublimation |
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(DM) denial of anxiety or anxiety producing event short term solution: psychological breather |
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Definition
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Term
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• Banishing of past from present awareness
• A “psychological dam” between the person and the anxiety
• Managing not to think about it-without denying its existence
• Requires energy
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Term
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• Exaggerated opposite reaction to the forbidden impulse
• Strong opposite reactions
common examples: porn, homosexuality
• Lack of proportion
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• Projecting unwanted impulses upon someone else
• Attributing thoughts, behavior, or impulses in others are feared by oneself “I work with a bunch of monkies”
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Definition
• Common use of providing rational explanation to oneself for thoughts, behaviors, or emotions that would cause anxiety or shame otherwise
Obvious
Given sincerely
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• Distancing oneself from anxious feelings, but turning them into more analytical and technical thoughts
Common in warfare, medicine
A mental gap or barrier
Psychology? Theories and abstractions
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• Moving impulses from an unsafe target to a safe target
• Similar and socially acceptable target
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• Channeling unacceptable impulses into socially acceptable impulses
• Constrictive use of impulses
• Occupational choice often used as an example (surgeon, nfl player)
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Term
| outcomes of defense mechanisms |
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Definition
successfully defend anxiety OR uncontrolled leaks: parapraxes or Freudian slips controlled leaks: humor |
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| freud says accidents are: |
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Definition
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| Four examples of Neo-Freudians |
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Definition
Jung Adler Erikson Mahler Kohut |
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Term
Jung used archetypes. What are archetypes? |
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Definition
• Archetypes-part of the collective unconscious
o A universal thought form(idea) that contains a large element of emotion
• Sun god/ supreme being
• Mother
• Philosopher king
• Hero
• Wise old man
• Birth/rebirth
• Death
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Term
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Definition
Shadow Persona Anima/Animus Self Synchronicity |
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(One of Jung's concepts) "dark side” of the ego, primitive past amoral from animal perspective, but looks more brutal and darker surviving and reproducing
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Term
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Definition
| • Public self, the “personality” you put on, like a mask before you interact with others |
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| • Society molds us into male/female, thus in an effort to balance that out- we must integrate the opposited side of ourselves…+++ look this up more+++ |
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Definition
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| • The most important, the goal of developing this (individuation) is incorporating archetypal energies into the conscious self (ego). |
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Definition
One of Jung's Concepts: SELF |
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Term
| • Indication of how we are connected via the collective unconscious |
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Definition
One of Jung's Concepts: SUNCHRONICITY |
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Term
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Definition
Thinking Feeling Sensing Intuiting |
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Term
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Definition
o Satisfying drives vs. social and cultural interests
o Ego as creative self, seeking fufillment
• Striving
o Consciousness: front and center
o Living “as if”- by fictional ideas
o Social component to development
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Term
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Definition
o “Life span development”- development occurs throughout life and not just in childhood
o Characteristic developmental “crises” or tasks occur and must be mastered
Psychosocial development |
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Term
| Parts of Identity Development |
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Definition
Identity achievement identity foreclosure identity moratorium Identity diffusion |
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