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Definition
| The distance from one peak to the next measures in m or mm |
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Term
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Definition
number of peaks that pass a specified point in one second
S^-1 OR 1/S OR Hz |
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Definition
λ=C/ν
wavelength=speed of light ÷ frequency |
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Definition
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Term
Define amplitude.
What does amplitude dictate? |
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Definition
intensity or height of a wave
brightness |
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Term
| Types of rays in order from highest energy to lowest |
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Definition
gamma 10-12
x-rays 10-10
UV 10-8
visible
infrared 10-6
micro 10-4
radio 10-2
(great xylophonists use vintage instruments made rarely) |
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Term
| Heinsberg Uncertainty Principle |
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Definition
| It is impossible to know an electrons position AND momentum at the same time |
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Term
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Definition
| psi; wave function; refers to the probability of finding an electron is a certain region of space |
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Term
| Each wave function contains four quantum numbers. What are the four types of quantum numbers? |
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Definition
principal quantum (n)
angular momentum (l)
magnetic quantum(Ml)
spin quantum (Ms) |
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Term
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Definition
- refers to the energy level or size of the orbital
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shells
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"n"=1,2,3, etc...
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Term
| angular momentum quantum number |
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Definition
- refers to the 3D shape of the orbital
- "l"=any value from 0 to (n-1)
- s=0, p=(0,1) d=(0,1,2) f=(0,1,2,3) g=(0,1,2,3,4)....
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Term
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Definition
- defines the orientation of the orbital
- Ml = ±l
- ex) if l=3 (or g), Ml equals -3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3, which means there are 7 orientations
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Term
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Definition
refers to the direction of an electron's spin
Ms= +1/2 or -1/2 |
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Term
| pauli exclusion principle |
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Definition
| states that no to electrons in the same atom can have the exact same four quantum numbers |
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Term
| where electrons will rest |
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Definition
1S 1S
2S 2S 2P
2P 3S 3S 3P 3D
3P 4S 4S 4P 4D 4F
3D 4P 5S 5S 5P 5D 5F 5G
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Term
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Definition
s has one orientation
p has 3 orientations
d has five orientations
f has seven orientations |
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Term
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Definition
| if you have already written out the electron configuration for an atom of a certain charge, find the noble gas before that atom on the periodic table and then write out only the orbitals of electrons not covered by the noble gas. |
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Term
| rules for writing electron configurations of ions |
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Definition
for negative ions- add electrons to the highest unfilled orbital. usually electrons are added so that the elctron configuration is the same as the nearest noble gas.
for positive ions- remove electrons from the orbital with the highest value of n first. usually, electrons are removed so that the remaining orbitals are either filled or half filled. |
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Term
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Definition
when a noble gas has the same number of electrons and same electron configuration as an ion
ex) Argon is isoelectronic to
S2-, Ca2+, Cl1- |
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