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Pericardium
Raja Test 2
46
Anatomy
Professional
02/28/2012
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Term
1.     The _____ is a fibro-serous membrane that covers the heart and the beginning/end of the great vessels close to the heart.
 Definition
PERICARDIUM
Term
2.     The tough external layer of the pericardium is called the _____.
 Definition
FIBROUS PERICARDIUM
Term
3.     The fibrous pericardium is continuous with the _____ of the diaphragm.
 Definition
CENTRAL TENDON
Term
4.     The fibrous pericardium is composed to _____.
 Definition
COLLAGEN FIBERS
Term
5.     The inner surface of the fibrous pericardium is lined with a shiny serous membrane called the _____.
 Definition
PARIETAL LAYER OF SEROUS PERICARDIUM
Term
6.     The serous pericardium is made up of this type of tissue.
 Definition
SIMPLE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM
Term
7.     The parietal layer of the serous pericardium is reflected on the heart at the tunica albignea of great vessels as the _____.
 Definition
VISCERAL LAYER OF SEROUS PERICARDIUM
Term
8.     The visceral layer of serous pericardium over the heart forms the _____.
 Definition
EPICARDIUM
Term
9.     The serous pericardium is composed mainly of _____, which is a single layer of flattened cells forming an epithelium that lines both the internal surface of the fibrous pericardium and the outer surface of the heart.
 Definition
MESOTHELIUM
Term
10.  3 contents of the pericardial cavity.
 Definition
1) HEART, 2) ROOT OF THE GREAT VESSELS, 3) SEROUS FLUID
Term
11.  The pericardium develops from the _____.
 Definition
MESODERM
Term
12.  The _____ is the site of continuity between the inferior wall of the fibrous pericardium and the central tendon of the diaphragm.
 Definition
PERICARDIACOPHRENIC LIGAMENT
Term
13.  The _____ is a potential space between opposing layers of the parietal and visceral layers of the serous pericardium.
 Definition
PERICARDIAL GLAND
Term
14.  There are 2 pericardial sinuses called the _____ and the _____.
 Definition
TRANSVERSE SINUS AND THE OBLIQUE SINUS
Term
15.  The _____ is a transverse gap between the arterial and venous end of the heart tube.
 Definition
TRANSVERSE PERICARDIAL SINUS
Term
16.  The transverse pericardial sinus is bounded anteriorly by the _____ and _____.
 Definition
ASCENDING AORTA AND THE PULMONARY TRUNK
Term
17.  The transverse pericardial sinus is bounded posteriorly by the _____.
 Definition
SVC
Term
18.  The transverse pericardial sinus is bounded inferiorly by the _____.
 Definition
LEFT ATRIUM
Term
19.  On each side the transverse pericardial sinus opens into the _____.
 Definition
GENERAL PERICARDIAL CAVITY
Term
20.  The transverse pericardial sinus is utilized by cardiac surgeons to _____.
 Definition
LIGATE THE VESSELS
Term
21.  The _____ is a narrow gap behind the posterosuperior aspect of the left atrium.
 Definition
OBLIQUE PERICARDIAL SINUS
Term
22.  The oblique pericardial sinus is bounded anteriorly by the _____ and posteriorly by the _____.
 Definition
LEFT ATRIUM; PERICARDIUM
Term
23.  Below and left, the oblique pericardial sinus opens into the _____.
 Definition
PERICADIAL CAVITY
Term
24.  The _____ is a cul-de-sac acting as a potential space for left atrial systole.
 Definition
OBLIQUE PERICARDIAL SINUS
Term
25.  Multiple arteries supply the fibrous pericardium and parietal layer of serous pericardium. These arteries are branches from these 7 arteries.
 Definition
1) INTERNAL THORACIC ARTERY, 2) PERICARDIOPHRENIC ARTERY, 3) MUSCULOPHRENIC ARTERY, 4) BRONCHIAL ARTERIES, 5) ESOPHAGEAL ARTERIES, 6) SUPERIOR PHRENIC ARTERIES, 7) DESCENDING THORACIC AORTA
Term
26.  The epicardium is supplied by the _____ arteries.
 Definition
CORONARY
Term
27.  The bronchial arteries arise from the _____ arteries.
 Definition
INTERNAL THORACIC AORTA
Term
28.  The pericardophrenic artery is accompanied by the _____.
 Definition
PHRENIC NERVE
Term
29.  The venous drainage of the pericardium is through the _____, _____ and _____ veins.
 Definition
INTERNAL THORACIC VEINS, PERICARDIOPHRENIC, TRIBUTARIES OF THE AZYGOS VEINS
Term
30.  The _____ nerve innervates the fibrous pericardium and parietal layer of serous pericardium, and is the primary source of sensory fibers.
 Definition
PHRENIC NERVE
Term
31.  The epicardium is innervated by the _____ nerve.
 Definition
VAGUS
Term
32.  The sympathetic fibers to the fibrous and serous pericardium is _____.
 Definition
VASOMOTOR
Term
33.  _____ is an inflammatory condition of the pericardium, that causes chronic central chest pain that may radiate to the shoulder.
 Definition
PERICARDITIS
Term
34.  4 causes of pericarditis.
 Definition
1) VIRAL INFECTIONS, 2) BACTERIAL INFECTIONS, 3) SYSTEMIC ILLNESS, 4) MI
Term
35.  Pain from the pericarditis may be relieved by _____.
 Definition
SITTING FORWARD IN A TRIPOD POSITION
Term
36.  If one has pericarditis, _____ may be auscultated due to friction between the rough parietal and visceral layer of the serous pericardium.
 Definition
FRICTION RUBS
Term
37.  _____ is a collection of fluid in the pericardium which can be clear or purulent.
 Definition
PERICARDIAL EFFUSION
Term
38.  _____ is a rapid accumulation of excess fluid in the pericardial sac which compresses the heart. It eventually causes heart failure due to a lack of venous return to the heart.
 Definition
CARDIAC TAMPONADE
Term
39.  If one has cardiac tamponade, the veins of the _____ and _____ become engorged due to the back up of blood.
 Definition
FACE AND NECK
Term
40.  _____ is a collection of blood in the pericardial sac.
 Definition
HEMOPERICARDIUM
Term
41.  The parietal layer of serous pericardium is reflected onto the heart at the _____.
 Definition
GREAT VESSELS
Term
42.  The visceral layer of serous pericardium over the heart forms the _____.
 Definition
EPICARDIUM
Term
43.  The serous pericardium is composed mainly of _____, which is a single layer of flattened cells forming an epithelium that lines both the internal surface of the fibrous pericardium, and the external surface of the heart.
 Definition
MESOTHELIUM
Term
44.  _____ is drainage of fluid from the pericardial cavity used to relieve cardiac tamponade or pericardial effusion.
 Definition
PERICARDIOCENTESIS
Term
45.  If one if getting pericardiocentesis, a needle is inserted in the _____ near the lateral sternal border to protect the pleura of the lung.
 Definition
LEFT 5TH OR 6TH INTERCOSTAL SPACE
Term
46.  The pericardial sac may also be reached by entering the _____ located between the left margin of the xiphoid process and the costal margin.
 Definition
LEFT INFRASTERNAL ANGLE
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