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| the school of psychology that stressed the importance of wholes or forms or configurations. |
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| “The whole is more than the sum of the parts” refers to? |
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| Gestalt psychologists believe that we perceive objects as? |
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| Three important psychologists in Gestalt theory were? |
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| Koffka, Kohler and Wertheimer |
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| Who introduced Gestalt Psych to America? |
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| did experimental demonstrations of did experimental demonstrations of “insight” “insight” |
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| responsible for beginning transposition studies and also did Umweg studies. |
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| What is insight for a Gestalt psychologist? |
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| reorganization of the perceptual field |
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| What is insight for a behaviorist? |
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| Who investigated apparent movement which is based on that phenomenon? |
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| Max Wertheimer, the phi phenomenon |
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| The perception of movement created by the successive blinking of adjacent lights is called what? |
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| what are basic Gestalt principles of perception? |
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| Continuity, proximity, similarity, closure, familiarity, and common fate |
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| This law says that connected spots that form a smooth line will be seen as together. |
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| The law of continuity or good continuation |
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| This principle says that objects that are physically close will be perceived as a group. |
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| The principle of proximity |
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| A Gestalt principle that refers to the tendency to group together things that are similar to each other |
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| A tendency to see complete letters on a neon sign, even though some of the bulbs are burnt out, illustrates ? |
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| what says familiar objects tend to form groups? |
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| The law of familiarity or meaningfulness |
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| what can be illustrated by things moving in the same direction? |
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| The general Gestalt principle that all the principles led to were called? |
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| The law of Pragnanz (good Gestalt), the law of good figure, or the law of simplicity. |
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| An illustration of the law of Pragnanz is the Zeigarnik effect, which is? |
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| the tendency to remember incomplete tasks longer than finished tasks. |
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| In an illusory contour figure you will see |
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| contours that are not physically present |
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| Figure-Ground belongs to what school of psychology? |
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| the perception of an object as distinct from its surroundings. |
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| what is figure one moment may be ground in the next moment is an example of? |
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| A heurestic experiment is: |
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| one that generates more research (also a rule of thumb?) |
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| is a systematic approach to problem solution (“the opposite of a heuristic”). |
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| Penumbra: fuzzy border of a shadow umbra: the shadow |
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| apparent amount of light coming from object |
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| intensity of light reflected from a surface, the apparent whiteness or grayness of an object. |
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| when light strikes a surface while luminance is the light reflected. |
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| WHat are the four types of constancies? |
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| Size, shape, lightness, and color |
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| The main function of perception is |
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Definition
| to decode the transient retinal image in order to achieve constancy. |
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| Our tendency to perceive size independent of retinal image is |
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| If size perception were based on retinal image size, horses would get _____ as they rode away. |
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| The ___________ constancy theory is one possible explanation for the____________ illusion. |
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| misapplied size constancy theory, Muller-Lyer illusion |
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| The misapplied size constancy theory may also explain |
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| Ponzo illusion ((wiki note: the Ponzo illusion is judging an object's size based on its background) |
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| a possible explanation of the moon illusion is |
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| The apparent distance hypothesis |
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| ______ is our tendency to perceive _____ independent of retinal image. |
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| our tendency to consider surfaces the same despite changes in illumination is |
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| Our perception of lightness constancy is controlled by |
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| Changes of illumination will |
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| leave color constant until the Purkinje shift occurs |
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| when you leave class after dark and all of the cars in the dimly lit parking lot are gray except yours, which is still yellow is an example of? |
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| a stimulus that leads to erroneous perception in almost all members of a species |
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| a perception that is not shared by other members of the species |
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| conceptual but perceptual |
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| Do illusions originate in the retina? |
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| Do illusions result from movements in the eye? |
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| The human responses to visible light are: |
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| intensity, wavelength, and purity are, in the same order, brightness, hue and saturation |
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| Color is primarily determined by |
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| The human responses to visible light are: |
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| intensity, wavelength, and purity are, in the same order, brightness, hue and saturation |
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| The addition of other wavelengths to a monochromatic light does what? |
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| A fully saturated color is a |
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| All of the perceptible colors can be matched by the proper mix of |
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| three primary colors no two of which are complementary to each other. |
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| Sources of light are additive. The additive colors are |
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| are usually red, green and blue. |
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