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| d. 356, along with St. Pachomius regarded as a ‘founder of Christian monasticism,’ Athanasius wrote ‘Life of Antony,’ (358), raised a Christian, not studied in Greek, lived as an ascetic (poverty, fasting, all night prayer vigils, sold everything) for 20 years in desert, called the ‘illiterate sage’ and the ‘God-taught one,’ influenced Augustine’s conversion |
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| Angelo Roncalli (1881-1963), pope Oct.1958, surprise election b/c old, was Vatican diplomat, Bishop of Milan, called Vatican 2 to fix division of church and world against Vatican’s wishes, aggiornamento- updating the church, let ‘fresh air’ into the church (training people for modern world), no condemnation, ‘medicine of mercy…not severity’ |
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| Institutes of the Christian Religion |
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| John Calvin’s book, 1536, a summary of key Protestant perspectives, theology, had several editions, 8th edition in 1551 w/1500 pages |
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| (1224-1274), from South of Naples, Italy, son of a count, expected by parents to join Benedictines, instead joined Dominicans, who created ‘studia generalia’ like universities, invited to get doctorite and University of Paris, had 2 stints there as a chair of the theology department, wrote books- Summa Contra Gentiles, Summa Theologica, to train Dominicans |
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| (1079-1142), scholastic theologian at University of Paris, loved debates (characteristic of scholastic theology), wrote a work book ‘Sic et Non,’ used biblical passages to raise debate, retired to monastery of Cluny |
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| ‘sayings of the fathers,’ stories and sayings of the desert fathers, meant to guide people on spiritual journeys and address spiritual issues, anonymously written, 5th century, 1000 stories, many from Scetis |
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| 9th to 11th century, aristocratic control of the church, kings/dukes who owned land also owned church and could elect priests, created ‘investiture ceremonies,’ where kind could sit in and veto vote but could not elect clergy, church treated as personal property, ‘privatized,’ something to make money off of, married clergy would use it to benefit their families |
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| d. 110, bishop, wrote 7 Paul-like letters but shorter, described a church (could have been one he imagined or the church of Antioche), wrote about 3 tier hierarchy of church (bishop, presbyters, deacons) |
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| pope 440-461, wrote Tome as a compromise at Chalecedon, solution to Christ’s humanity, Christ is ‘2 natures in 1 person,’ said Peter writes through him |
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| d. 754, greatest missionary of the period (5th, 6th century), created ecclesiastical (of the Christian Church) framework of what would become Germany, established monasteries as back-up to missionary work, helped prepare Rome as a center of authority |
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