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Relatively mild warm ocean currents: Gulf stream, north Atlantic drift weasterly winds |
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declining population advanced postindustrial birth dearth |
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15 million immigrants in Europe from Turkey, India, Pakistam, Sri Lanka, the caribbean, sub-saharan Africa |
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Recruited to work in germany, France, Sweden, Switzerland during chronic labor shortages. |
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Population Issues: State multicultaralism |
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(has failed) Encouraged people of different cultures to live separate lives apart from each other and apart from the mainstream. -Failed to provide a vision of society -Tolerated communities behaving in ways that run counter to values. -hands off tolerance -salad bowl |
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working toward assimilation, social cohesion, integration |
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UK: national history exams for citizenship netherlands: an offical national history program baden-wurttemberg Germany: values testing France, UK banning the burka |
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Europe's political geography has changed more drastically than any other world region during the last 100 years |
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capitalist west vs communist soviet union north atlantic treaty organization vs. Warsaw pact countries Iron curtain: capitalist democracies to the west--communist USSR to east |
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Capitalist democracies to the west communist ussr to east |
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berlin wall fell in 1989 soviet union fell in 1991 end of cold war. |
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fragmentation of larger states into smaller ones through independence of smaller regions and ethnic groups |
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region caught between stronger, colliding external cultural political forces, under persistent stress, and often fragmented by aggressive rivals |
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member countires are united beyond the authority of anys ingle national government and are planned and controlled by a group of nations |
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federation of natins similar to the United States |
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common currency for 13 eurozone countries (not UK, Sweden, Denmark) |
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almost unrestricted travel across borders |
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450 million people/ 10 trillion economy |
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Member countires are united beyond the authority of any single national government and are planned and controlled by a group of nations |
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member countries are united beyond the authority of any single national government and are planned and controlled by a group of nations |
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