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Pentateuch
mid-term
47
Religious Studies
Graduate
10/30/2006

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Term
Julius Wellhausen
Definition
1876 Source Criticism, The New Documentary hypothesis: JEDP model. Restated the Documentary Hypothesis in its classical form upon an evolutionary basis and popularized it. Modern versions are based on it.
Term
Thutmose III
Definition
1504-1450 BC Thutmose III succeeded king Hapshetsut and he was so angry at her interference with his installment that he ordered her images throughout the land defaced.
Term
Hatshepsut
Definition
1504-1483 BC. According to the 18th dynasty hypothesis, it has been suggested that she was the wife of Thutmose II, and she was Moses step-mother.After Thutmose II died, Hatshepsut kept Thutmose III, Thutmose II’S son off the throne, perhaps in hopes Moses would succeed instead. In the meantime Hatshepsut ruled Egypt, not as queen, but as king.
Term
Thutmose IV
Definition
Succeeded Amenhotep II to the throne. He was not Amenhotep II’s first born.
Term
Redemptive history
Definition
Chronology-The Bible writers collected some of the stories about the children of Israel and placed them in a continuous sequence, which has caused some people to think the Bible has recorded a complete history, when in fact Moses and the other Bible writers have only provided a redemptive history of their lives
Term
Gerhard von Rad
Definition
(1949, 1972) Main pusher of tradition criticism, stresses the history behind the literary and pre-literary stages.
Term
Dream Stele
Definition
Dream Stele of Thutmose IV is located between the paws of the Sphinx.It tells how Thutmose IV did not expect to become king, but did. This makes sense if he was not the first born. Claims he was awarded the throne for removing sand from around the sphinx
Term
Herman Gunkel
Definition
Main protagonist of form criticism. The bible is folktales, myths and legends
Term
Thutmose I
Definition
1531-1518 BC Father of Hashepsut
Term
1 Kings 6:1
Definition
Text used to come to Short Sojourn (based on LXX) conclusion,

965/6 BC = 480 yrs to Exodus = 1445 BC
Term
Mitte
Definition
the central theme of the genealogies, like that of biblical theology itself, is connected with the covenant… an overall unifying organizational principle or “center” (German Mitte).
Term
zerav
Definition
(covenant and genealogy) the basic function of the genealogies is the biological succession, zera is a collective noun and seen as plural for God’s people. Ultimately, a single seed reaches us in terms of the messiah. An extension of the toledot formula outside of Genesis takes the family up to David and many others to the Messiah
Term
Lev 16
Definition
The day of atonement. The pinnacle of the chiasm of Leviticus and the Pentateuch!
Term
Chiasm
Definition
Linguistic pattern found in both prose and poetry, reversal or introversion of elements. Unifies composition. Argues for a single authorship
Term
Deuteronomy
Definition
Retrospective Recapitulation. Covenant reiterated
Term
Health laws
Definition
Lev 11/: Holistic view of mankind
Term
The Former Prophets
Definition
Joshua, Judges, 1-2 Samuel, and 1-2 Kings
Term
The Latter Prophets
Definition
Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel and the Minor Prophets.
Term
Writings (Kethubim)
Definition
The Psalms and the wisdom Literature: Psalms, Proverbs, Job, Song of Solomon, Ruth, Lamentations, Ecclesiastes, Esther, Daniel, Ezra, Nehemiah, 1-2 Chronicles.
Term
Amenhotep II
Definition
1453-1418, Son of Thutmose III, was placed on the throne along with his father as co-regent in 1453 BC. The first born son of Thutmose’s reign. Amenhotep II was off on a campaign in Syria in 1450 BC, at the time of his father’s death. Perhaps the Exodus. Since amenhotep II was not a first born, he himself was not affected by the plague of death.
Term
qesîtah
Definition
pieces of “money” (not real money, but an “old measure of weight” of something considered valuable) is used only 3 times in the Bible (Gen 33:19; Job 42:11: Josh 24:32) in the early books
Term
Proto-Sinaitic inscriptions
Definition
also known as Proto-Canaanite, was the first consonantal alphabet. Even a quick and cursory glance at its inventory of signs makes it very apparent of this script's Egyptian origin.
Term
Day of Atonement
Definition
Emphasis on the word kipper “to make atonement” and the Day of Atonement as the focal point of the chiastic structure of the Pentateuch indicate a major emphasis on the plan of redemption
Term
Defilement by association
Definition
What is clean becomes common or ritually defiled (Mark 7, Acts 10)
Term
Moses adopted mother
Definition
Hatshepsut 1504-1483 BC
Term
Structure of Pentateuch
Definition
There is a chiastic structure to the Pentateuch with the Day of Atonement in Leviticus 16 falling at the focal point in the structure
Term
Ketef Hinnom
Definition
Cemetery where two silver amulets were found containing a section of the priestly Benediction (Num 6:24-25)

this archaeological find indicates that this part of the biblical text was well known before the destruction of the Temple, after which the priestly code was theoretically written.
Term
Covenant
Definition
Sworn agreement between two parties where no blood relationship exists:

Parity- between two equals
Suzeranty - between two non-equals
Term
Two types of genealogies
Definition
Linear: Traces only one line of descent from a living member to a single ancestor in the past

Segmented: expresses more than one line of descent from a single ancestor to two or more living members
Term
Originator of the Documentary Hypothesis
Definition
Johann Eichom
Term
The meaning of the acronymns JEDP
Definition
J: Yahwist
E: Elohist
D: Deuteronomist
P: Priestly
Term
Acronyms HLB?????
Definition
H = Heiligkeit or Holiness Code (Ezekiel)
L = Lei or Lay source (in contrast to Priestly source)
B = Bundesbuch or Covenant Book (Exod 20-23)
Term
What are the major sections of the Hebrew Bible?
Definition
Torah: The law
Nebiim: The prophets
Ketubim: The writings
Term
Who was the Pharaoh of the death decree?
Definition
Thutmose I
Term
Who was the Pharaoh who lost his son in the 10th plague?
Definition
Thutmose III
Term
Who was the Pharaoh ofthe Exodus?
Definition
Thutmose III
Term
Biblical site name updates
Definition
Names were updated for the time frame of the audience reading the text.

Examples:
Gen 14:14 Dan site or person did not exist at this time

The original name od the site was Leshem or Laish (Josh. 19:47, Judg. 18:7, 14, 27) but has been updated by a later scribe in order for later readers of the Pentateuch to know where the exact place was in their time.
Term
The relationship between the Bible and history
Definition
The authors of the OT and the NT didn’t write as historians though there is a certainly history in the Bible

The Bible is a redemptive history book.
Term
Suzerainty covenant
Definition
Based on the grace of the suzerain who would protect the vassal if the obligations on their part were met. Covenant between two non-equals…two variations
Term
Parity covenant:
Definition
Covenant between equals, based on obligations of each party. Ex. Two kings
Term
General and Special Revelation
Definition
General: Through nature within and without!

Special: Through God’s disclosure
Term
The meaning of the word salvation
Definition
deliverance from all that interferes with the enjoyment of God’s blessings.
Term
General tendency of Pentateuchal Law and its relationship to other ancient law codes
Definition
are both similarities and differences between biblical and non-biblical laws. When not the same, the biblical versions appear to be more rigorous but at the same time more equitable than the other.
Term
Basis for ethical demand of not eating unclean foods
Definition
God’s previous salvation, and this is the motivation for all moral and ethical demands, in this case (Lev 11:45) for not eating unclean foods
Term
Meaning of the word Pentateuch
Definition
The word is a combo Greek word. Pente, five. Teuxos, a case for carrying scrolls and later for the scrolls, themselves. Hence the 5 scrolls, referring to the practice of the dividing large treatises into practical subdivisions (sep. books).
Term
Names of the Hebrew books of the Pentateuch
Definition
Beresit: in the beginning, LXX geneseos, generations, Genesis

Shemot: the names, LXX exodus, exit,
departure, exodus.

Wayyikra: and he called. LXX Leviticon, levites, Leviticus.

Bemidbar: in the wilderness. LXX apismoi, Numbers: Numbers

Debarim: The words. LXX deutoronomion, second law giving, Deuteronomy
Term
Conditional and unconditional elements of the covenant
Definition
There are actually two sides of the covenant, one emphasizing promissory aspects such as if the covenants w/ Abraham and David, the other focusing on conditions and stipulations (the Mosaic covenant in Ex. 20-24). Neither lack promises or stipulations. There is actually one covenant of grace between God and his people, both conditional and unconditional elements characterize the covenant relationship
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