Term
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Definition
| Increase in the frequency and/or liquidity of the stool |
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Term
Bacteria (not as common, but we worry about this)
Virus (most common)
Parasites
Infections outside GI tract can also affect the GI tract
Food/Milk Allergy
Medications: antibiotics
Food poisoning
Pesticide poisoning |
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Definition
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Term
| complex carbohydrates (rice, wheat, potatoes, bread, cereal) lean meats, yogurt, fruits and vegetables |
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Definition
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Term
| Maintenance water requirement |
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Definition
Represents normal fluid needs and is roughly equal to the amount of water needed to replace insensible water loss (through skin and respiratory tracts) and water lost from urine and stool.
There are a variety of ways to calculate. Body surface area (BSA) and caloric expenditure are the two most accurate methods. |
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Term
Kidney disease
Heart disease
Increased intracranial pressure |
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Definition
| Abnormal retention of fluid may mean... |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to the total amount of fluid or electrolyte in the body |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to the amount of electrolyte per unit of fluid |
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Term
Weight loss;
Urine output decreased (usually)
Absence of tears (relevant after 3 months of age babies under 3 months don’t have tears)
Dry mucous membranes
Poor skin turgor
Sunken fontanel
Sunken eyes
Poor capillary refill
Cool, pale or mottled extremities
Increased P and R, decreased BP
Shock |
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Definition
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Term
| laboratory findings of dehydration |
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Definition
elevated specific gravity
elevated hematocrit
elevated serum BUN and creatinine
Bun/Cr ratio >20:1, (BUN is increased proportionately more than Cr because with decreased renal perfusion urea is reabsorbed and creatinine is excreted) |
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