Most common typeof Acquired Endocrine Disorder  in children

Diabetes:  Type I

Diabetes:  Type I

deff

lDestruction of 90% or > insulin secreting beta cells in pancreas.

lAbsence of insulin

¡Body unable to metabolize glucose

¡Too many unused carbohydrates in bloodstream -(80-100 mg/dl)

Glucose > ___ -spills into urine

Diabetes:  Signs & Symptoms

l3 P’s:  Polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia

¡Enuresis in a previously potty trained child

¡Extreme thirst and hunger

¡Abdominal pain, headache

lSymptoms ↑ & worsen over 1-3 wks

lKetoacidosis may develop

¡Fruity odor to breath

¡Deep, rapid breathing (Kussmaul respirations)

¡ARF, severe dehydration

¡Coma, Death

Diabetes: 

l8 ° fasting blood glucose - > than 126 mg/dl

lCasual blood glucose > 200 mg/dl

Diabetes: 

Treatment

Goals

Manage bl. glucose & prevent long-term complications

Minimize events of hyper/hypoglycemia

Diabetes: 

Treatment

Insulin replacement therapy

Diet

Exercise

Education

Pediatric Diabetes Treatment

Child admitted to hospital

¡Glucose brought into normal range

¡Extensive teaching process with involvement - multidisciplinary team, patient, & parents

¡Child/family taught carbohydrate management, insulin therapy, & glucose testing.

Pediatric Type II Diabetes

onset-

usually in teen years

More common in obese children

Overweight children, sedentary lifestyle

Pediatric Type II Diabetes

deff

Disease of insulin resistance

Hyperinsulinemia - response to ↑ glucose resistance

Beta cells begin to fail as resistance continues

Pediatric Type II Diabetes

Treatment

lOral medications

¡Sulfonylureas & meglitinides: ↑ insulin in pancreas

¡Biguanides: ↓prod. & release of glucose by liver

lDietary management

lWeight loss

lExercise plan