Term
| what are important questions to ask in a history when someone has a skin lesion |
|
Definition
onset, duration, evolution
puritis
immunizations
infections, drugs, allergies
systemic signs: fever
family history |
|
|
Term
| what should you make sure you check on a physical exam when someone has a skin lesion |
|
Definition
mucous mebranes
conjunctiva
hair, nails, scalp
distribution, character, color, pattern |
|
|
Term
| what is the most common skin disorder in kids |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what causes atopic dermatitis |
|
Definition
association with allergic rhinitis and asthma
genetic predisposision to atopy with enivornmental modulators |
|
|
Term
| what triggers atopic termatitis (environmental modulators) |
|
Definition
| rubbing alcohol, allergens, foods, infection |
|
|
Term
| what does a typical atopic dermatitis look like |
|
Definition
| erythematous plaque with hyperkeratosis |
|
|
Term
| what does a secondary atopic dermatitis look like |
|
Definition
| wheeping, oozing, crusting, fissuring, lichenification |
|
|
Term
| what often causes secondary infection in atopic dermatitis |
|
Definition
| staph aureus, strep pyogenes, eczema herpeticum, VZV, molluscum, fungi |
|
|
Term
| when does infantile atopic dermatitis often occur |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how does infantile atopic dermatitis look |
|
Definition
| red, itchy plaque ot papule with ozzing, crusting |
|
|
Term
| where is infantile atopic dermatitis located |
|
Definition
| cheeks, forehead, scalp, extensors |
|
|
Term
| what is the outcome of infantile atopic dermatitis |
|
Definition
| could outgrow or could progress to childhood atopic dermatitis |
|
|
Term
| what is childhood atopic dermatitis located |
|
Definition
| wrists, ankles, anti-cubital, popliteal |
|
|
Term
| what is the outcome of childhood atopic dermatitis |
|
Definition
| could ourgrow or could progress to adult dermatitis |
|
|
Term
| where is adult atopic dermatitis located |
|
Definition
| flexural areas of arms, legs, neck |
|
|
Term
| what does adult atopic dermatitis look like |
|
Definition
lichenification
rough and dry
puritic scratching reoccurance cycle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thickening of skin in area of chronic scratching, hyperpigmentation post inflammation |
|
|
Term
| what are some other complications and symptoms of atopic dermatitis |
|
Definition
xerosis
keratosis pilaris
hyperlinearity of palms
dennie-morgan folds
altered cellular immuniry
hyper or hypopigmentation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| keratin plugging of hair follicles |
|
|
Term
| define dennie morgan folds |
|
Definition
| thickened fold on lower lip |
|
|
Term
| what is a common result of the altered cellular immunity of atopic dermatitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how is atopic dermatitis prevented |
|
Definition
| avoidance: scratching, dryness, fregrences, smoke, dust, dander, foods |
|
|
Term
| treatment for atopic dermatitis |
|
Definition
hydration, lubrication, wet wraps
anti-purietics
topical or systemic steroid
topical immune modulation
antibiotics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| greasy, red, scaly erution of hair bearings on face and axilla, posterior auricular, and interiginous areas |
|
|
Term
| what does seborrhea look like in kids |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does seborrhea look like in adults |
|
Definition
| dandruff, posterior auricular cracking |
|
|
Term
| what is the treatment for srborrhea |
|
Definition
anti-seborrheic shampoo (zinc, selenium, salicylic acid)
topical steroid |
|
|
Term
| causes of juvenile plantar dermatosis |
|
Definition
toddlers or children fall in winter
lip smacking
thumb sucking
excessive sweating in socks in daytime and drying of skin at night |
|
|
Term
| what does juvenile plantar dermatosis look like |
|
Definition
| red, scaly patches with fissures and cracking on plantar surface |
|
|
Term
| how is jubenile plantar dermatosis treated |
|
Definition
lubrication and prevention of drymess overnight
topical steroids |
|
|
Term
| what are the three stages of pityriasis rosea, what do they look like |
|
Definition
prodrome: mild constitutional symptoms that precede rach
first rash: herald patch along lines of skin (single, large, ovular, scaly patches)
second rash: small round, papules in christmas tree pattern |
|
|
Term
| what is the treatment for piryriasis rosea |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the cause of contact dermatitis |
|
Definition
contact irritant dermatitis: exposure to chemicals
allergic contact dermatitis: T cell mediated immune reaction |
|
|
Term
| what are typical causes of allergic dermatitis |
|
Definition
poison ivy
nickel
rubber
gluc
dye
neomycin
topical anesthetics |
|
|
Term
| what cause rhus dermatitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does poison ivy look like |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does a poison ivy rash look like |
|
Definition
linear streaks of red papules and vesicles (large patches with heavy exposure)
swelling if on face or genitals
puritic |
|
|
Term
| where is diaper dermatitis located |
|
Definition
| convex perineum, lower abdomen, thigns (spares intertriginous area) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hygiene, topical steroids |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
topical steroids
oral anti-histamines
oral steroids
prevention |
|
|
Term
| signs of diaper dermatitis via candidia |
|
Definition
brig red reuption, sharp borders
involves intertriginous area
pinpoint satellite papules and pustules |
|
|
Term
| diagnosis of candidia diaper dermatitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| signs of staph diaper dermatitis |
|
Definition
thin walled pustules surrounded by erythematous halos
ruptured pustules with collarette scale around erythematous base |
|
|
Term
| signs of psoriatic diaper dermatitis |
|
Definition
persistant diaper rash that wont respond to therapy
not much scaling
red plaques |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
interited predisposition
infection: URI, strep |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
remissions and exacerbations
on extensors, scalp, buttcks, diaper area
oil drop changes
guttate psoriasis- if post strep
koebner pnehomenon
auspitz sign |
|
|
Term
| what does the psoriasis rash look like |
|
Definition
red, well demarcated papules
dry, thick, silverly scales |
|
|
Term
| what is guttate psoriasis |
|
Definition
occurs in post strep psoriasis
smal plaques with typical scales that develop generalized distribution |
|
|
Term
| what is kobener's phenomenon |
|
Definition
| lesions induced by local trauma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| removal of thick scale causes small points of bleeding from tortous capillaries not seen in seratorrhea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
topical steroids
phototherapy in older children
cyclosporin, methotrexate gor generalized erythrodermic and pustular cases |
|
|
Term
| how is tinea corporis transmitted, what is the name of each |
|
Definition
domestic animals (microsporum canis)
humans (trichophyton tonsurans) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
puritic
anular leasion
central clearing
vesicular border
could have scales or evolve to papules, pustules |
|
|
Term
| where is tinea pedis located, what does it look like |
|
Definition
scaling, cracking, peeling, ruptured vesicles in web spaces of toes
common on dorsum, instep, ball |
|
|
Term
| tinea capitis: location, appearance, types |
|
Definition
erythema and scaling of scalp
partial aloplecia - breaks off
entothrix: infiltrates hair shaft causing salt and pepper appearance |
|
|
Term
| what is a complication of tinea capitus, what does it look like |
|
Definition
| can get secondary infection or inflammation response causing weeping and crusting like impetigo |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
KOH prep: hyphe, septate branching rods on scales
culture |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
imidazoles, topical antibiotic
oral griseofulvin for nails, scalp, extensive infection
oral steroids in kerion |
|
|
Term
| what causes tinea versicolor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does tinea versicolor look like |
|
Definition
oval and scaly patches 1-3 cm
raindrop pattern
light in summer, dark in winter |
|
|
Term
| where is tinea versicolor located |
|
Definition
| upper chest, back, proximal extremities |
|
|
Term
| how is tinea versicolor diagnosed |
|
Definition
woods lamp
KOH prep: spagetti and meatball |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
selenium sulfide
topical anti-fungal |
|
|
Term
| what are the three types of reactive erythema |
|
Definition
erythema multiform minor / acute hypersensitivity syndrome
erythema multiforme major / severe acute hypersensitivity / stevens johnsons syndrome
toxic epidermal necrolysis |
|
|
Term
| what causes erythema multiforme minor |
|
Definition
drugs, bacteria, food, immunizations
reoccurance with herpes (labialis)
can progress or major |
|
|
Term
| what does erythema multiforme minor look like |
|
Definition
symmetrical lesion of any part of the body especially down hands and feet, sextensors, no mucous membranes
begin 1 cm, red, well defined macules
possible bulous rum
dark clusters, some wheales, target lesions (CLASSIC) |
|
|
Term
| treatment of erythema multiforme minor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what causes erythema multiform major |
|
Definition
| mycoplasma, NSAID, sulphonamides, PCN, phenytoin, cephalosporins, tetracyclines |
|
|
Term
| where is erythema multiform major located |
|
Definition
| face, trunk, lips, tongue, gums, esophagus, trachea, conjunctiva, GI |
|
|
Term
| what does erythema multiform major look like |
|
Definition
bullae target lesions
erosions of lips
white sloughing of debris |
|
|
Term
| what are two requirements to diagnose erythema multiform major |
|
Definition
2+ mucous membranes involved
usually after URI |
|
|
Term
| what is required to diagnose toxic epidermal necolyisis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does toxic epidermal necrolytis look like |
|
Definition
vesiculopustular disorder
widespread necrosis, sloughing of epidermis, cleavage at dermal-epidermal junction
fluid and electrolyte loss
nikolsyky sign |
|
|
Term
| tx toxic epidermal necrolytis |
|
Definition
fluids and electrolytes
pain control
prevention and tx of infection
corticosteroids |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| IgE mediated hypersensitivity reaction to food, drugs, bites, infection, allergens |
|
|
Term
| what does uticaria look like |
|
Definition
raised, red, variable in size
central clearing
puritis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when does drug rash occur |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does drug rash look like |
|
Definition
puritic, maculopapular, red
patches or plaques
could be fix drug erruption |
|
|
Term
| what is a fixed drug erruption |
|
Definition
| hyperpigmented patch of erythematous border, comes abck in same spot and faster second time |
|
|
Term
| what skin conditions does MRSA cause |
|
Definition
| cellulitis, furuncles, folliculutus, abscess |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
raised papule with necrotic center
abscess in 24 hours with green puss |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| topical and oral antibiotics |
|
|
Term
| what do you do if tx for MRSA isnt working, it keeps coming back |
|
Definition
| check for colonization, especially nasal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| types of impetigo, describe each |
|
Definition
bullous: bullous lesion on red base
non-bullous: erythematous erosion with honey colored crust |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
topical mcpirocin
oral antibiotic |
|
|
