Term
| what is the estimated visual acuity @ birth |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| age of ability to follow object is typically established: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what age are eye movements coordinated? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when does visual acuity reach 20/20? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| why is it imperative to fix visual problems within the first years of life? |
|
Definition
| that is when the visual pathways are developing |
|
|
Term
| age? make eye contact and begin to look at objects close to their face |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| age? begin to observe hands while holding them close to their face |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| age? begin to watch activity around them: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| age? observe surroundings and recognize favorite people, toys, food at a distance |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| functional reduction in the visual acuity of the eye. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| condition in which the eyes are misaligned |
|
|
Term
| when are children screened for strabismus & amblyopia? |
|
Definition
| 3-4years with particular attention to occular alignment |
|
|
Term
| 7 types of visual acuity tests |
|
Definition
| 1. Snellen 2. Tumbling E 3. Allen figures 4. Landolt 5. Lea figures 6. Crowding Bars 7. HOTV |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| optical image is not clearly focused on the retina |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| strabismus that deviates medially |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| strabismus that deviates laterally |
|
|
Term
| which muscles move the eye upward? |
|
Definition
| superior rectus and inferior oblique muscles |
|
|
Term
| which muscles move the eye downward |
|
Definition
| inferior rectus and the superior oblique |
|
|
Term
| which muscle abducts the eye? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which m. adducts the eye? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| strabismus risk factors (2) |
|
Definition
| positive family history, low birth weight infants |
|
|
Term
| strabismus is a common presenting sign of: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| light focused at center should reflect centrally in both eyes. |
|
|
Term
| describe the cover test for strabismus: |
|
Definition
| covering the unaffected eye will cause the affected eye to come to center |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| optical illusion in which the wide nasal bridge or epicanthal folds hide the nasal sclera. |
|
|
Term
| hershberg test & pseudostrabismus |
|
Definition
| hershberg test: leght reflex is centered in both eyes |
|
|
Term
| cover/uncover test & pseudostrabismus |
|
Definition
| cover/uncover test reveals occular alignment. |
|
|
Term
| what about intermittent unsteady occular alignment in newborns? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| you should inspect all deviations of alignment past what age? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unequal refractive errors, cataract, ptosis, eyelid hemangioma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unequal refractive errors, cataract, ptosis, eyelid hemangioma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1. strabismic 2. Anisometropic 3. deprivational; cataracts |
|
|
Term
| define: strabismic amblyopia |
|
Definition
| abnormal binocular interaction; causes foveas to be presented with 2 dif images causing the visual cortex to supress the image from one eye. Long term suppression results in amblyopia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dif images presented to foveas due to unequal refracting errors; eye with greater error gets "turned off" |
|
|
Term
| anisometropic amblyopia is most common in: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when is anisometropic amblyopia found |
|
Definition
| during traditional vision testing not during developing years due to lack of external abnormalities |
|
|
Term
| deprivational amblyopia: 3 causes |
|
Definition
| 1. congenital cataracts 2. ptosis (eyelid that droops) 3. vitreous hemorrhage |
|
|
Term
| suspect amblyopia if vision is: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Differential Occlusion Objection: test for preverbal children & amblyopia. |
|
|
Term
| what tests for verbal children & amblyopia? |
|
Definition
| allens figures or snellen testing |
|
|
Term
| amblyopia is potentially irreversible if not treated before ages: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| treatment for amblyopia is done by whom? |
|
Definition
|
|
