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Peds - Chapter 32
Vocab
35
Nursing
Undergraduate 2
08/04/2013

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Term
acanthosis nigricans
Definition
Hyperpigmentation and thickening of the skin associated with chronic hyperinsulinemia.
Term
acromegaly
Definition
Abnormal growth of the hands and feet as well as a protruding brow and lower jaw; the nasal bone enlarges, and spacing of the teeth increases.
Term
adrenarche
Definition
Stage at which adrenal glands begin increased secretion of hormones.
Term
bone age
Definition
Stage of skeletal maturation determined by radiograph.
Term
catecholamines
Definition
(epinephrine and norepinephrine) Affects the nervous system, cardiovascular system, metabolic rate, temperature, and smooth muscles.
Term
constitutional growth delay
Definition
A late pubertal growth spurt caused by delayed pubertal hormone secretion.
Term
euthyroid
Definition
Normal thyroid state.
Term
exophthalmos
Definition
Prominent or bulging eyes.
Term
glucagan
Definition
A hormone produced by the pancreas that helps release stored glucose from the liver.
Term
glucocorticoids
Definition
Affects protein and carbohydrate metabolism and is active in protecting against stress.
Term
glycogenolysis
Definition
Conversion of glycogen to glucose.
Term
glycosuria
Definition
Abnormal amount of glucose in the urine.
Term
goiter
Definition
Enlargement of the thyroid gland.
Term
gynecomastia
Definition
The presence of unilateral or bilateral enlarged breast tissue in males.
Term
hormones
Definition
A chemical substance produced by a gland or organ and carried in the bloodstream to another part of the body where it has a regulatory effect on particular cells.
Term
hyperinsulinemia
Definition
Elevated insulin levels in the blood.
Term
inborn errors of metabolism
Definition
Inherited biochemical abnormalities of the urea cycle, amino acid, and organic acid metabolism.
Term
insulin
Definition
The hormone responsible for glucose metabolism.
Term
insulin deficiency
Definition
Insulin resistance; pancreas does not produce sufficient insulin.
Term
insulin resistance
Definition
Insulin resistance where the body fails to utilize insulin normally.
Term
lipatrophy
Definition
Loss of subcutaneous tissue.
Term
menarche
Definition
The onset of menstruation.
Term
mineralocorticoids
Definition
Hormones involved in regulation of fluid and electrolytes.
Term
myxedema
Definition
A life-threatening crisis of hypothyroidism.
Term
negative feedback
Definition
Mechanism for regulation of hormone concentration.
Term
polydipsia
Definition
Excessive thirst.
Term
polyphagia
Definition
Excessive or voracious eating.
Term
polyuria
Definition
Passage of a large volume of urine in a given period.
Term
precursor
Definition
A substance that precedes another substance or from which another substance is synthesized.
Term
pseudohermaphroditism
Definition
Ambiguous development of the external genitalia.
Term
puberty
Definition
Period of life when the ability to reproduce sexually begins, characterized by maturation of the genital organs, development of the secondary sex characteristics, and the onset of menstruation in females.
Term
thelarche
Definition
Breast development.
Term
thyrotoxicosis
Definition
When thyroid hormone is suddenly released into the bloodstream during surgery; the child experiences fever, diaphoresis, and tachycardia, progressing to shock and, if untreated, death.
Term
virulization
Definition
Production of masculine secondary sex characteristics in females.
Term
water intoxication
Definition
Intake of excessive water without sodium.
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