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Pediatric Nursing Glossary A - D
Pediatric Nursing Glossary A - D
55
Nursing
Professional
07/19/2010

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Term
absceince seizure
Definition

seizure in which there is a sudden, breif loss of awareness, then return to alert state

Term
abuse
Definition

misuse, excessive use, rough or bad treatment

 

used to refer to misuse of alcohol or drugs (substance _____) & mistreatment of children or family members (child _____, domestic _____)

Term
achylia
Definition

absence of pancreatic enzymes in gastric secretions

Term
acid-base balance
Definition

state of equalibrium between the acidity & the alkalinity of body fluids

Term
acidosis
Definition

excessive acidity of body fluids

Term
acrocyanosis
Definition

cyansosis of the hands & feet seen periodically in the newborn

Term
acutal nursing diagnoses
Definition

diagnoses that identify existing health problems

Term
adenoids
Definition

mass of lymphoid tissue in the nasal pharnyx

 

extends from the roof of the nasal pharnyx to the free edge of the soft palate

Term
adenopathy
Definition

enlarged lymph glands

Term
akinetic
Definition

seizure that causes a sudden, momentary loss of consciousness & muscle tone

 

also called atonic

Term
alcohol abuse
Definition

drinking sufficient alcoholic beverages to induce intoxication

Term
alcoholism
Definition

chronic alcohol abuse

Term
alkalosis
Definition

excessive alkalinity of body fluids

Term
allergen
Definition

antigen that causes an allergic reaction

Term
allograft
Definition

skin graft taken from a genetically different person for temporary coverage during burn healing

 

Skin from a cadaver sometimes is used.

Term
alopecia
Definition

loss of hair

Term
amblyopia
Definition

dimness of vision from disuse of the eye

 

sometimes called "lazy eye"

Term
amenorrhea
Definition

absence of menstruation

Term
ankylosis
Definition

immobility of a joint

Term
anorexia nervosa
Definition

eating disorder characterized by loss of appetite due to emotional causes

 

Ex: usually excessive fear of becoming (or being) fat

Term
anthelmintic
Definition

medication that expels intestinal worms

 

vermifuge

Term
anticipatory grief
Definition

preparatory grieving that often helps caregivers mourn the loss of their child when death actually comes

Term
antigen
Definition

protein substance found on the surface of RBC's capable of inducing a specific immune response & reacting with the products of that response

Term
antigen-antibody response
Definition

response of the body to an antigen causing the formation of antibodies that protect the body from an invading antigen

Term
anuria
Definition

absence of urine

Term
apnea
Definition

temporary interruption of the breathing impulse

Term

appropriate for gestational age

AGA

Definition

a newborn whose weight, length, & / or head circumference falls between the 10th & 90th percentiles for gestational age

Term
archetypes
Definition

predetermined patterns of human development, which according to Carl Young, replace instinctive behavior of other animals

 

prototype

Term
areola
Definition

darkened area around the nipple

Term
arthralgia
Definition

painful joints

Term
artificial nutrition
Definition

infant formula

Term
ascites
Definition

edema in the peritoneal cavity

Term
asphyxia
Definition

suffication caused by interference with the oxygen supply of the blood

Term
aspiration
Definition

breathing fluid into the lungs

Term
associative play
Definition

being engaged in a common activity without any sense of belonging or fixed rules

Term
astigmatism
Definition

error in light refraction on the retina caused by unequal curvature in the eye's cronea

 

light rays bend in different directions to produce a blurred image

Term
ataxia
Definition

lack of coordination caused by disturbances in the kinesthetic & balance senses

Term
atonic
Definition

seizure that causes a sudden, momentaery loss of consciousness & muscle tone

 

also called akinetic

Term
atresia
Definition

absence of a normal body opening or the abnormal closure of a body passage

Term
aura
Definition

a semsation that signals an impending epileptic attack

 

may be visual, aromic, or other sensation

Term
autistic
Definition

totaly self-centered & unable to relate to others

 

often exhibiting bizarre behaviors

 

"these" children can sometimes be destructive to themseves & others

Term
autograft
Definition

skin taken from an individual's own body

 

Except for the skin of an identical twin, "this" is the only kind of skin accepted permanently by the recipient tissues.

Term
autonomy
Definition

ability to function in an independent manner

Term
autosomal dominant trait
Definition

trait or condition appearing in a heterozygous person resulting from a dominant gene within a pair

Term
autosomal recessive trait
Definition

trait or condition that is not expressed unless both parents carry the gene for that trait

Term
autosomes
Definition

22 pairs of chromosomes that are alike in the male & female

 

The sex chromosomes are not _________.

Term
azotemia
Definition

nitrogen-containing compounds in the blood

Term
babinski reflex
Definition

the flaring open of the infant's toes when the lateral plantar surface is stroked

 

Also called the plantar reflex.

 

This reaction usually disappears by the end of the first year.

Term
bilateral
Definition

pertaining to both sides

Term
binocular vision
Definition

normal vision maintained through the muscular coordination of eye movements of both eyes

 

A singal vision results.

Term
blended family
Definition

both partners in a marriage bring children froma previous marriage into the household:

 

his, hers, & theirs

Term

body surface area

BSA

Definition

- formula to calculate dosages

- Using a West nomogram, the child's weight is marked on the right scale & the height is marked on the left scale. A straight edge is used to draw a line between the two marks. The point at which the line crosses the column labled SA (Surface area) is "this" expressed in square meters (m2).

Term
bonding
Definition

development of a close emotional tie between the newborn & the parent or parents

Term
bottle mouth (nursing bottle) caries
Definition

condition caused by the erodion of enamel on the infant's deciduous teeth from sugar in formula or sweetened juice that coates the teeth for long periods

 

This condition can also occur in infants who sleep with their mothers & nurse intermittently throughout the night. 

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