Term
| Maturation and development of physical characteristics include? (3) |
|
Definition
| height, head circumference and weight |
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Term
| how mch weight does an infant gain in the first year |
|
Definition
| triples weight in the first year |
|
|
Term
| how much of brain growth occurs in the infants first year |
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Definition
| 2/3 of braing growth occurs in first year |
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Term
what is the most common cause of large gestational age (LGA)
what is another cause? |
|
Definition
most common cause is maternal diet
diabetic mothers cause LGA also |
|
|
Term
what risk are associated with LGA?
|
|
Definition
birth trauma
hypoglycemia
cardiomyopathy
hypocalcemia
hyperbilirubinemia |
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|
Term
| what factors affect growth throughout childhood |
|
Definition
socioeconomic
access to healthcare
altitude
envt
race (low birth wt in AA, and LGA in mexican population |
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|
Term
these are factors affecting what type of birth weight
- advanced maternal age greater than 35 y/o
- multiple birth
- poor maternal diet
- placenta insufficiency
- drugs/alcohol
- CMV infections
- chromosomal abnLs
|
|
Definition
| small gestational age (SGA) |
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Term
| growth charts are based on what? |
|
Definition
| changes based on changes in population demographics and breast feeding data |
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Term
| what are the purpose of growth charts |
|
Definition
•Allow for quantitative assessment of growth
•Trend or track development
•Allow for guidance to diet, nutrition, and physical activity assessment and guidance.
•Opens the door for discussion in regards to feedings, bonding, advancement of solid foods, etc. |
|
|
Term
| what are the associated risk of SGA? (3) |
|
Definition
fetal distress
hypoglycemia
hypocalcemia |
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|
Term
| growth charts specific to birth to 36 months include what? |
|
Definition
height (recumbent)
weight
head circumfernce
ht to wt ratio |
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|
Term
| gender specific charts for ages 2-20 include what |
|
Definition
height (standing)
weight
BMI
Not as accurate as infancy charts because several developmental stages of growth represented on one chart. Toddler and Tanner stage II on same charts. |
|
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Term
| what is the most common cause world wide of growth problems |
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Definition
|
|
Term
these are causes of what?
•Inadequate caloric intake
•Caloric intake inappropriate for stage and age
•Caregiver and child bond
•Stress can be parental, socioeconomic influence or from disease processes such as diabetes, cardiac disease or renal failure.
•Socioeconomic factors
•Chronic disease |
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Definition
| all are causes of growth problems |
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|
Term
these conditions describe what type of growth problem:
–Follows inherited pattern of height
–Slow growth first 2-3 years then low to normal growth
–Bone age and chronologic age match |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
these condition s describe what type of growth problem
–Growth pattern follows familial short stature but there is a lag in onset of puberty or skeletal maturation
–Potential for catch up growth
–Bone age lags |
|
Definition
Constitutional growth delay |
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|
Term
what condition is this?
Usual presentation is no nutritional deficit with a deceleration in linear growth |
|
Definition
| endocrine pathologic short stature |
|
|
Term
what condition is this?
- InterUterine Growth Restriction
- Genetic variants such as Trisomy 21or Turner Syndrome. Look for presence of dysmorphic features.
- Skeletal abnormalities, dwarfism
|
|
Definition
| congenital pathologic short stature |
|
|
Term
what are the 3 most common endocrine abnls associated with children
when are these tested
what is the #1 endocrine abnl in children |
|
Definition
hypothyroidism, cushing syndrome, growth hormone deficiency
all are tested in newborn screening in most states
hypothyroidism is #1 |
|
|
Term
| this is the condition of under nutrition identified in the first three years of life |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the conditions describing failure to thrive |
|
Definition
–Weight < 5% on CDC growth chart
–Weight : Height <5%
–Decreased growth velocity in weight falling > 2 major percentiles over 3 to 6 months |
|
|
Term
| weight less than height with normal head circumference |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| proportionate decline in height and weight with normal head circumference |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| all growth parameters are lower than normal |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Most common, occurring in 8% children
Caused by inadequate delivery of calories
–Not enough intake
–Malabsorption
–Excess energy expenditure |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the 3 malabsorption conditions seen in children with FTT type I .... hint CIC |
|
Definition
| Malabsorption: Cystic Fibrosis, IBS, Celiac |
|
|
Term
| what type of coindition cause excess energy expenditure in children with FTT type I |
|
Definition
| Energy expenditure + asthma, cardiac disease, renal failure, illness |
|
|
Term
What type of FTT is this
genetically determined short stature
constitutional growth delay
skeletal dysplasias
renal failure
cardiac endocrine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Turner syndrome, Trisomy 21, Hirschsprungs, Intrauterine growth restriction/retardation fall into what type of FTT |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
chromosomal abnls
CNS abnls
in utero or perinatal injury
are catagorized as what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| an early onset in which child is initially tall for age but rapid bone maturity results and growth stops at an early age |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| an example of precocious puberty? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
all babies have this
fussy
arching back
nonbilious vomitting
frequent gagging |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cries......3hr/day.....3day/week....for 3 months |
|
|
Term
nonbilious vomit
+/-projectile vomit
prevalent at 6 weeks
3 in 1000 births
boys more than girls
increased incidence with babies tx w/ erythomyocin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dx clinically or upper GI |
|
|
Term
| how do you dx pylorci stenosis |
|
Definition
| dx with US and palpable olive |
|
|
Term
| how do you tx colic babies |
|
Definition
probiotics
swish, swaddle,sway baby |
|
|
Term
absence of ganglion cells in bowel wall exten into anus
hallmark palpable stool w/o stool in rectal vault
CNS d/o |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
very common in peds
bowel musoca injury from gluten exposure
diarrhea, foul smelling #1
beach ball baby
autoimmune d/o |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
hypotonic at birth
FTT type 3
developmental delays
small hands and feet
mental retardxn and low IQ
tested in evan ( sorry signifcant to me only helps me remember)
genetic rare d/o
1in 7000 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how does development occur |
|
Definition
orderly and progressive fashion
cephal-caudal
piaget stages |
|
|
Term
piaget stages:
sensory-motor?
preoperational?
concrete?
formal? |
|
Definition
piaget stages:
sensory-motor...0-2....infancy
preoperational...2-7....preschool
concrete...7-11...school age
formal...11 up...adolescent |
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|
Term
| when is developmental surveillance done |
|
Definition
| at every child-well visit |
|
|
Term
| when is developmental screening done |
|
Definition
| of surveillance id risk or deficit at 9, 18, 30 months |
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|
Term
raise head from prone, hold head up
tight midline grasp, open hands at rest
alert to sound, coos
regards face, recognize mom & dad, anticipates feedings |
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Definition
|
|
Term
rolls over, walks alone
hands to midline, rake prasp, pincher prasp
laughs , babbles, mama/dada/ 2 words
recognize stranger, imitate axn |
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Definition
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|
Term
walks backwards, stairs independentlt
2blocks, 6block tower, pencil hold
4-6 words, 50 word vocab
spoon and cup, parallel play nut limited interaction wiht each other |
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Definition
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|
Term
motor pedal tricycle
3word sentences, 2step commands, plurals
copy circle and UNdress self
social plays w/ others, shares, group play |
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Definition
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|
Term
hop, jump
DRESS independently, ties shoes
colors, why why why
tall tales, cooperative play w/ group, competitive play |
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Definition
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|
Term
below average of 75% inone or more areas
ex) 15 month old now say dada |
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Definition
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|
Term
atypical development in single area, abnl pattern
ex) child crawls before sits |
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Definition
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|
Term
development is one area out of proportion with other areas
ex) mental retardation |
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Definition
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|
Term
| measure and produce consistent results |
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
when do you test/awareness for autism?
with what assessment? |
|
Definition
30-36 months
M-CHAT autism screening |
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