Term
Nursing plans and interventions for congenital heart disease.
(nutrition and energy) |
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Definition
Maintain nutritional status, feed small frequent feedings
use high-calorie formula
maintain adequate hydration
polycythemia increases risk of thrombus formation |
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Term
Congenital heart disease
How can you decrease stress and energy use in patient? |
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Definition
maintain a neutral thermal environment
(body doesn't need to increase metabolism)
plan frequent rest periods
cluster care |
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Term
| What are the medications commonly prescribed in CHF? |
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Definition
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Term
| What will family need to do before a dental or invasive procedure for CHD patients? |
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Definition
| prophylactic antibiotics to prevent endocarditis |
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Term
| What are the risks of catheterization for a child? |
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Definition
arrythmias
phlebitis
bleeding
perforation
obstruction of the artery |
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Term
| After a cardiac catheterization, what should you monitor? |
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Definition
vital signs
pulse
cardiac rhythm
incision site |
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Term
How do you prepare a child for surgical procedures?
(Appropriate to age) |
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Definition
show ICU
show family waiting area
explain equipment
use puppets/drawings
provide emotional support |
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Term
| What is the basic difference between cyanotic and acyanotic defects? |
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Definition
cyanotic - deoxygenated blood is returned to body
acyanotic - oxygenated blood is returned to body |
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Term
| You see CHF more often in what type of heart defect? |
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Definition
Acyanotic
(pulmonary pressure increased) |
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Term
| Signs and symptoms of CHF |
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Definition
tachypnea, tachycardia, SOB
hepatosplenomegaly
grunting, wheezing
edema, diaphoresis
pulmonary congestions
difficulty feeding
cyanosis |
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Term
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Definition
| inability of heart to pump what it is given |
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Term
| Nursing care in CHF patients? |
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Definition
VS, respiratory function
elevate HOB
oxygen, digoxin, diuretics
daily weight, report inc. of weight
maintain strict I/Os, 1g=1cc
low sodium diet
gavage feed PRN |
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Term
| How do you manage digoxin administration? |
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Definition
apical HR before administration
therapeutic levels are 0.8-2.0 ng/mL
give regular basis (no skipping doses)
give 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals
Do NOT mix with food |
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Term
| What are the signs of digoxin toxicity? |
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Definition
vomiting, diarrhea
anorexia
abdominal pain
fatigue, muscle weakness, drowsy
hypokalemia can increase toxicity |
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Term
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Definition
inflammatory disease that affects the aorta and mitral valves
common cause is beta-hemolytic strep infection
collagen disease, injures heart, Bv, joints, and subQ tissues |
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Term
| Sign and symptoms of rheumatic fever |
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Definition
chest pain, SOB (carditis)
tachycardia even at rest
chorea (irregular, involuntary movement)
rash
migratory joint pain
subQ nodules over bony prominences |
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Term
| Lab findings of rheumatic fever |
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Definition
increased ESR
increased ASO (antistreptolysin O) |
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Term
| Nursing care for rheumatic fever |
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Definition
Assess for increase cardiac distress
bed rest
help with ambulation
reassure chorea is temporary
medications:
penicillin, erythromycin
aspirin (only time ever!)
[anti-inflammatory and anti-coagulant action] |
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Term
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Definition
prophylaxis against rheumatic fever
allergic reactions: rashes -- shock -- death
released slowly over weeks,
giving sustained levels of concentrations |
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