Term
Which of the following is NOT a true statement about ATP?
a. Used ATP is discarded by the cell as waste.
b. ATP consists of ribose, adenine, and three phosphate groups.
c. ADP is produced when ATP releases energy.
d. ATP provides energy for the mechanical functions of cells |
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Definition
| a. Used ATP is discarded by the cell as waste. |
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Term
Organisms, such as plants, that make their own food are called:
a. pigments
b. heterotrophs
c. autotrophs
d. thylakoids |
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Definition
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Term
Carbon dioxide is one of the princiapl chemical compounds that living things use to store energy.
True or False |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following is NOT a part of an ATP molecule?
a. phosphate
b. ribose
c. adenine
d. chlorophyll |
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Definition
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Term
Energy is released from ATP when:
a. a phosphate group is removed.
b. a phosphate group is added.
c. ATP is exposed to sunlight.
d. adenine bonds to ribose |
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Definition
| a. a phosphate group is removed |
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Term
| Organisms, such as hawks andleopards, that obtain energy from the foods they consume are called: |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following organisms is a heterotroph?
a. sunflower
b. wheat
c. alga
d. mushroom |
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Definition
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Term
Organisms that cannot make their own food and must obtain energy from external sources are called:
a. autotrophs
b. thylakoids
c. plants
d. heterotrophs |
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Definition
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Term
| Cells keep only a small amount of ______ on hand and regenerate it as needed using energy stored in carbohydrates and other molecules. |
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Definition
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Term
Ultimately, the energy that a carnivore, such as a wolf, uses comes from sunlight.
True or False |
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Definition
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Term
The majority of the cells have only a small quantity of ATP because the ATP functions better like a molecule to store short-term energy.
True or False |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following organisms makes its own food using light energy from the sun?
a. leopard
b. oak
c. mushroom
d. amoeba |
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Definition
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Term
What happens during photosynthesis?
a. Autotrophs consume carbohydrates.
b. Heterotrophs consume ATP.
c. Autotrophs produce carbohydrates.
d. Heterotrophs produce ATP. |
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Definition
| c. Autotrophs produce carbohydrates. |
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Term
What are the three parts of an ATP molecule?
a. adenine, ribose, and three phosphate groups
b. NADH, NADPH, and FADH2
C. Stroma, grana, and chlorophyll
d. adenine, thylakoid, and a phosphate group |
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Definition
| a. adenine, ribose, and three phosphate groups |
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Term
Why are electron carriers needed for transporting electrons from one part of the chloroplast to another?
a. High-energy electrons are highly reactive.
b. High-energy electrons get their energy from electron carriers.
c. High-energy electrons are not soluble in cytoplasm.
d. High-energy electrons would be destroyed. |
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Definition
| a. High-energy electrons are highly reactive. |
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Term
Which of the following is NOT found in the overall reaction for photosynthesis?
a. carbon dioxide
b. water
c. light
d. nitrogen |
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Definition
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Term
A granum is a:
a. photosynthetic pigment molecule
b. stack of thylakoids.
c. stack of chloroplasts
d. membrane enclosing a thylakoid |
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Definition
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Term
| ____________ are saclike phtosynthetic membranes inside chloroplasts. |
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Definition
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Term
What makes certain molecules good electron carriers?
a. They are very large molecules, so hey have lots of room to carry many electrons.
b. They can absorb sunlight, which is where all of the high-energy electrons come from.
c. They are carbohydrates and have a lot of energy, which allows them to carry electrons.
d.They canaccept electrons and transfer most of their energy to another molecule. |
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Definition
| d. They can accep tlectrons and trnsfer most of their energy to another molecule. |
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Term
Plants get the energy they need for phtosynthesis by absorbing
a. chlorophyll b.
b. sunlight
c. high-energy sugars
d. chlorophyll a. |
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Definition
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Term
Most plants appear green because chlorophyll:
a. absorbs green light
b. absorbs violet light.
c. does not absorb green light.
d.does not absorb violet light |
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Definition
| c. does not absorb green light |
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Term
Chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b both absorb light very well in teh blue and red regions of the visible light spectrum.
True or False |
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Definition
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Term
The six carbon atoms needed to make a molecule of glucose come from oxygen in the atmosphere.
True or False |
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Definition
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Term
| Plants produce ________ during the first stage of photosynthesis and because it is not used or needed in the second stage, it is considered to be a byproduct. |
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Definition
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Term
| Plants produce ________ during the first stage of photosynthesis and because it is not used or needed in the second stage, it is considered to be a byproduct. |
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Definition
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Term
Photosthesis uses snlight to conert water and carbon dioxide into:
a. high-energy sugars and proteins.
b. oxygen and high-energy sugars
c. oxygen and carbon
d. ATP and oxygen |
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Definition
| b. oxygen and high-energy sugars |
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Term
lants gather the sun's energy with light-absorbing molecules called pigments.
True or False |
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Definition
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Term
| When chlorophyll absorbs light, the light raises the energy of the _________ in the chlorophyll molecule. |
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Definition
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Term
Diagram shows a jar with a candle and a plant in JAR A, then a jar with NO PLANT - JUST A CANDLE - JAR B.
Why might the candle in Jar A burn longer than the candle in Jar B?
a. Carbon dioxide produced by the plant allows the candle to burn longer.
b. Oxygen produced by the plant allows the candle to burn longer.
c. Chlorophyll produced by the plant allows the candle to burn longer.
d. Glucose produced by the plant allows the candle to burn longer. |
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Definition
| b. Oxygen produced by the plant allows the candle to burn longer. |
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Term
| The electron carrier ________ is converted to NADPH during the light-dependent reactions. |
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Definition
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Term
The light-dependent reactions involve addina hydrognion and two high-energy electrons to NADPH.
True or False |
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Definition
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Term
The stroma is the region outside the:
a. thylakoids
b. chloroplasts
c. plant cells
d. mitochondria |
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Definition
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Term
| Photosynthesis requires light, water, carbon dioxide, and light absorbing _________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Thylakoids are arranged in stacks known as _____________. |
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Definition
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Term
What is the role of NADP+ in photosynthesis?
a. pigment
b. high-energy sugar
c. electron carrier
d. photosystem |
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Definition
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Term
In the overall equation for photosynthesis, six molecules of carbon dioxide and six moleducles of water result in a molecule of sugar and six molecules of:
a. glucose
b. water
c. ATP
d. oxygen |
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Definition
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Term
| When temperatures drop in the autumn, __________ molecules break down, which causes the leaves to change colors. |
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Definition
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Term
Where in the chloroplast is chlorophyll found
a. in the stroma
b. in the ATP
c. in the thylakoid space
d. in the thylakoid membrane |
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Definition
| d. in the thylakoid membrane |
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Term
A student is collecting the gas given off from a plant in bright sunlight at a temperature of 27 degrees Centigrade. The gas being collected is probably:
a. ATP
b. glucose
c. carbon dioxide
d. oxygen |
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Definition
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Term
What happens when chlorophyll is struck by sunlight?
a. Energy from fat molecules is released.
b. The chlorophyll molecule is broken into two parts.
c. The electrons in the chlorophyll molecule become energized.
d. A chemical reaction turns chlorophyll into high energy carbohydrates. |
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Definition
| c. The electrons in the chlorophyll molecule become energized. |
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Term
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Definition
| uses the energy of sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide (reactants) into high-energy sugars and oxygen (products). |
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Term
| What molecules, produced by photosynthesis, are used to store energy from the sun? |
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Definition
| Autotrophs capture the energy of sunlight and store it in the molecules that make up food. |
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Term
Where do the light-dependent reactions take place?
a. within the thylakoid membranes
b. within the mitochondria membranes
c. in the outer membrane of the chloroplasts
d. in the stroma of the chloroplast |
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Definition
| a. within the thylakoid membranes |
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Term
What are the products of the light-dependent reactions?
a. oxygen gas and glucose
b. ATP, NADPH, and oxygen gas
c. ATP, carbon dioxide gas, and NADPH
d. carbon dioxide gas, oxygen gas, and NADPH |
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Definition
| b. ATP, NADPH, and oxygen gas |
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Term
Which of the following is NOT a step in the light-dependent reactions?
a. ATP synthase allows H+ ions to pass through the thylakoid membrane.
b. High-energy electrons move through the electron transport chain.
c. Pigments in photosystem II absorb light.
d. ATP and NADPH are used to produce high-energy sugars. |
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Definition
| d. ATP and NADPH are used to produce high-energy sugars. |
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Term
What action contributes to the inside of the thylakoid membrane becoming positively charged during the light-dependent reactions?
a. Carbon dioxide builds up in the stroma.
b. ATP synthase produces ATP from ADP.
c. ATP synthase allows H+ ions to pass through the membrane.
d. H+ ions are released as water splits. |
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Definition
| d. H+ ions are released as water splits. |
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Term
Where are photosystems I and II found?a. in the stroma
b. in the thylakoid membrane
c. in the Calvin cycle
d. in the cell membrane |
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Definition
| b. in the thylakoid membrane |
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Term
Which of the following activities happens within the stroma?
a. Photosystem I absorbs light.
b. ATP synthase produces ATP.
c. The Calvin cycle produces sugars.
d. Electrons move through the electron transport chain. |
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Definition
| c. The Calvin cycle produces sugars. |
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Term
Which pathway represents the flow of electrons during photosynthesis?
a. Photosystem I ® Calvin cycle ® NADP+
b. H2O ® NADP+ ® Calvin cycle
c. O2 ® ADP ® Calvin cycle
d. H2O ® Photosystem I ® Photosystem II |
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Definition
| b. H2O ® NADP+ ® Calvin cycle |
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Term
The Calvin cycle is another name for the
a. light-independent reactions.
b. light-dependent reactions.
c. photosynthesis reaction.
d. electron transport chain. |
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Definition
| a. light-independent reactions. |
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Term
The Calvin cycle takes place in the
a. chlorophyll molecules.
b. stroma.
c. thylakoid membranes.
d. photosystems. |
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Definition
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Term
What is a product of the Calvin cycle?a. high-energy sugars
b. carbon dioxide gas
c. ATP
d. oxygen gas |
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Definition
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Term
How does the Calvin cycle differ from the light-dependent reactions?
a. It takes place in chloroplasts.
b. It requires light.
c. It requires water.
d. It takes place in the stroma |
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Definition
| d. It takes place in the stroma |
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Term
If carbon dioxide is completely removed from a plant’s environment, what would you expect to happen to the plant’s production of high-energy sugars?
a. The same number of sugars will be produced but without carbon dioxide
b. Fewer sugars will be produced at first, but then the plant will recover.
c. No sugars will be produced.
d. More sugars will be produced. |
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Definition
| c. No sugars will be produced. |
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Term
If you continue to increase the intensity of light that a plant receives, what happens?
a. The rate of photosynthesis increases and then levels off.
b. The rate of photosynthesis decreases indefinitely with light intensity.
c. The rate of photosynthesis does not change.
d. The rate of photosynthesis increases indefinitely with light intensity. |
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Definition
| a. The rate of photosynthesis increases and then levels off. |
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Term
ATP synthase changes ADP to ATP when light energy passes through it.
True or False |
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Definition
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Term
| The light-dependent reactions supply the Calvin cycle with CO2 and ATP. True or False |
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Definition
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Term
During the light-dependent reactions, plants use the energy in ATP and NADPH to build high-energy sugars.
True or False |
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Definition
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Term
The Calvin cycle provides cells with compounds that can store energy for more than a few minutes.
True or False |
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Definition
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Term
C4 plants have adaptations that let them do photosynthesis even under conditions of intense light and high temperatures, when other plants would stop.
True or False |
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Definition
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