Term
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Definition
Protection from environment
Retain body fluids
Regulation of temperature and BP
Sense of touch
Vitamin D production
Excretion of waste & water
Emotional expression
Repair wounds
Physical presentation to others |
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Term
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Definition
5 Layers: outer to inner
Stratum corneum
Stratum lucidum (thick skin)
Stratum granulosum
Stratum spinosum
Stratum germinativum
Keratinocytes and melanocytes
Can Lucy Go See Garret. |
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Term
| what layer of the epidermis is only on the palms of hands and soles of feet? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
Glands, hair follicles, capillary beds, sensory fibers
Papillary and reticular layers |
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Term
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Definition
| subcutaneous, insulation, cushion, calorie reserve |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| what type of sweat glands open onto the surface of skin and help maintain body temperature through secretion? |
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Definition
| - Eccrine sweat glands, all over body |
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Term
| what type of sweat glands are larger, hormonally influenced, and present on the axillae, groin, nipples, eyelids, and external ears? |
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Definition
| - apocrine glands, this sweat normally doesn't stink but bacterial compromise makes it stink |
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Term
| sebaceous glands open into the __ __ and secrete ___. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| attempting to blanch a lesion with a glass slide |
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Term
| if blood is out of the capillaries then the lesion will or will not blanch? |
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Definition
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Term
| skin lesion characteristics: |
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Definition
Size
Shape- annular, serpiginous
Color (Pigment)
Type of Lesion
Location
Margination
Arrangement- discreet vs. confluent
Distribution- diffuse (over entire area) or localized |
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Term
|
Definition
Flat
Usually circumscribed
Color different from surrounding area
< 1 cm in diameter
EX: “freckle” |
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Term
|
Definition
Flat
≥ 1 cm in diameter
Color difference
+/- regular shape
Ex: port-wine stain, vitiligo |
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Term
| if lesion is flat, it has to be a ___ or a ___. |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
Elevated
Circumscribed area
< 1 cm
+/- same color as surrounding area |
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Term
|
Definition
Elevated
Firm
Usually rough with a flat top surface
>1 cm in diameter |
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Term
| a ___ is a small blister that is elevated, circumscribed, superficial, filled with clear serous fluid, and is less than 1 cm. |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
- elevated
- circumbscribed
- greater than 1 cm
- clear serous fluid filled |
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Term
|
Definition
- elevated
- superficial
- filled with purulent material
- small pox |
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Term
Elevated
Circumscribed
Encapsulated
Liquid or semi-solid material
Variable size |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
Elevated
Firm
Circumscribed
Deeper, into dermis
1 to 2 cm in size |
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Term
|
Definition
Elevated – swelling or enlargement
Solid
+/- Demarcated
Deeper, into dermis
> 2 cm in size
Term is synonymous with neoplasm |
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Term
|
Definition
Elevated
Irregular-shaped
Cutaneous edema
- sponginess, Hives, mosquito bite
Solid
Transient
Comes & goes
Variable diameter |
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Term
| secondary skin lesion terms: |
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Definition
Scale
Lichenification
Crust
Scar
Keloid
Excoriation
Erosion
Ulcer
Fissure
Atrophy
Exudation |
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Term
|
Definition
Flaky
Thick or thin
Oily or dry
Size variable
Heaped up keratin
- usually dry, kids and old people may get oily ones |
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Term
|
Definition
Rough, thickened area
Produced by rubbing, scratching, irritation
Often flexor surface of extremity
- seen with excema |
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Term
|
Definition
Slightly elevated
Dried exudate
Color dependent on fluid of origin
Variable size
- honey colored crust= empantigo |
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Term
|
Definition
Thick or thin
Variable size
Following injury
Fibrous tissue
Various stages of healing possible |
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Term
|
Definition
Thinning
Loss of skin lines
Translucency |
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Term
|
Definition
Elevated scar
Progressively enlarging, beyond border of initial lesion
Excessive collagen formation and deposition
More common in African-Americans |
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Term
|
Definition
Loss of epidermal layer, usually from a scratch, abrasion
Linear or hollowed-out
+/- crust |
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Term
|
Definition
Loss of epidermis or part of it
Depression
Usually moist & glistening
May be after rupture of vesicle or bulla, or from an excoriation |
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Term
|
Definition
Loss of epidermis and dermis, possibly to muscle
Variable size/shape |
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Term
| An erosion only effects the ____, but an ulcer effects the ___ and ____. |
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Definition
- epidermis
- epidermis and dermis at least |
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Term
|
Definition
Linear
Break in epidermis to dermis
Dry or moist (maceration) |
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Term
|
Definition
Petechia(e)
Purpura
Eccymosis(es)
Telangiectasia(s)
Spider angioma(s)
Cherry angioma(s)
Hemangiomas
Venous stars
Venous lakes
Varicose vein(s) |
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Term
| Petechia and Purpura are both red to purple in color, and are ____, and can be from an infectin or intravascular defect. But Petechia is ____, while purpura is _____. |
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Definition
- non-blanchable
- petechia less than 0.5 cm
- purpura > 0.5 cm |
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Term
|
Definition
- nonblanchable
- bruise
- variable size |
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Term
| the fancy word for spider veins is ____. These are or are not blanchable? |
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Definition
- Telangiectasia
- ARE BLANCHABLE |
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Term
| cause of telangiectasia is: |
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Definition
| - dilation of capillaries due to increased pressure |
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Term
|
Definition
Red central body
Spider-like “legs”
Blanchable
May be idiopathic or associated with diseases and deficiencies |
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Term
| spider angioma is caused by dilated capillaries so it is/is not blanchable? Also what disease can these be associated with? |
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Definition
- IS BLANCHABLE
- liver disease |
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Term
|
Definition
Blanchable (young) to nonblanchable (older lesion)
Red to purple
Dome-shaped |
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Term
|
Definition
Blanchable
May involute
Dilation of dermal capillaries
Red to purple
- common in kids, 50% are gone by age 5 and 90% by age 9 |
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Term
| Hemangioma's are due to dilation of capillaries so are they blanchable? |
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Definition
| yes, hemangiomas are blanchable |
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Term
|
Definition
Nonblanchable
Bluish
Spider, linear or irregular in shape
Superficial veins → ↑ pressure |
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Term
| Telangectasias are different from venous stars b/c telangiectasias are __ to ___ and ___ and venous stars are __ and ___. They are both due to increased pressure, but in the case of venous stars, the blood comes out of the capillary. |
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Definition
- telangiectasia= red to purple, blanchable
- venous stars- blue, nonblanchable |
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Term
| hemosiderin deposition is a sign of ___ disease. |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
Blue to purple
Papular
+/- blanchable
Dilated venule
? Sun exposure |
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Term
| venous lakes are due to sun exposure so they are usually where? |
|
Definition
face especially lips
- where veins pool together
- can tell them apart from venous stars b/c venous lakes are 3d |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
- Assymetry
- Border
- Color
- Diameter
- Evolving |
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Term
| a diameter greater than ___ is bad. |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
growing out of control
- cancerous or precancerous |
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Term
| people with PKU smell ___. People in diabetic ketoacidosis smell ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| hypothyroidism makes your hair what? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
- method of examining fingernails
- have patient put fingernails back to back and you should see a tiny window |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| Pseudomonas of the nails: |
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Definition
| - rare, associated with water, black/green discoloration |
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Term
| Pseudomonas of the nails: |
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Definition
| - rare, associated with water, black/green discoloration |
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Term
| another name for Tinea unguium: |
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Definition
| - onychomychosis, white to yellow to black discoloration, brittle nails |
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Term
|
Definition
| infection of paranychium, could be from hang nail |
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Term
|
Definition
| - below nail plate, runners get these a lot, nail turns black and falls off |
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Term
|
Definition
| white ridges in nail from trauma |
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Term
|
Definition
| indention and white ridge in pple that pick cuticles all the time |
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Term
|
Definition
| plate separates from matrix |
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Term
| signs in fingernails of psoriasis: |
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Definition
| - pitting, onycholysis, discoloration, subungal thickening |
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Term
|
Definition
Fe+ deficiency anemia, thyroid disease
Can result from trauma
- spoon nails |
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Term
|
Definition
- indentions all across nails
- CAD, hypocalcemia, chronic illness
Develop weeks after stressor |
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Term
|
Definition
(half-and-half nails)
Cirrhosis
Hypoalbuminemia
CHF |
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Term
|
Definition
Respiratory & cardiovascular disease
cirrhosis, colitis, thyroid disorders |
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