Term
| What part of the female genitalia is described as hair covered fat pads overlying the symphysis pubis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What part of the female genitalia is described as rounded folds of adipose and connective tissue and extends from the mons to just pass the posterior commissures? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What part of the female genitalia is described as thinner, pink-red folds that extend anteriorly to form the prepuce? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What part of the female genitalia is described as a cutaneous covering of the clitoris? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What part of the female genitalia is described as glans or erectile tissue? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What part of the female genitalia is described as a fossa that lies medial to the labia minora? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What part of the female genitalia is described as the vaginal opening? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What part of the female genitalia is described as membrane that covers the introitus in the virginal female? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What part of the female genitalia is described as area located between the introitus and anus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What part of the female genitalia is described as opening of the urethra? |
|
Definition
| Urethral (external) meatus |
|
|
Term
| What part of the female genitalia is described as periurethral glands in which openings lie on either side of the urethral meatus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What part of the female genitalia is described as glans whose openings lie between the labia minora and the vaginal orifice? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What part of the internal female genitalia lies between the bladder and rectum, hollow muscular tube that extends superiorly and posteriorly, and ends in a blind pouch that encases the cervix? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of skin of the external os is continuous with the lining of the cervical canal? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of skin of the external os is continuous with the vaginal wall? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What part of the female genitalia is described as extension of the peritoneum off the superior surface of the uterus and on to the anterior face off the rectum? |
|
Definition
| Pouch of Douglas“retrouterine pouch” or Cul-de-sac |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
5 pregnancies
1 full term
0 pre-term
4 abortions
1 living child |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1 pregnancy
1 Full-term
0 premature
0 abortions
1 living child |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
3 pregnancy
0 full-term
3 pre-term
0 abortions
3 living children |
|
|
Term
| What is the name of the largest metal speculum? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the name of the medium metal speculum? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the name of the most narrow-bladed metal speculum? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of metal speculum is best for the small introitus or an elderly women? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of speculum is best for virgins? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of speculum is the best for obese pts, multiparous women and sexually active women? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which tanner stage is described as preadolescent, no pubic hair, mons and labia covered with fine velus hair as on abdomen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which tanner stage is described as hair growth sparse and mostly on labia, long, downy hair that is slightly pigmented, straight or slightly curly? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which tanner stage is described as hair growth sparse and spreading over mons pubis, hair is darker, coarser and curlier? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which tanner stage is described as hair is adult type but over smaller area, but none on the medial thigh? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which tanner stage is described as adult in type and pattern, inverse triangle and is also found on the inner thighs? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which glands are responsible for vaginal lubrication? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are benign cysts that form from endocervical glands becoming filled with secretions that look like pimple-like elevations called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of cancer does the PAP smear test for, uterine or cervical? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When should someone have their first pap smear? |
|
Definition
| At age 21 or within 3 years after first intercourse |
|
|
Term
| What MUST be performed in any pt with CC of incontinence? |
|
Definition
| a Valsalva’s maneuver must be performed |
|
|
Term
| What tests should be performed on vaginal d/c? |
|
Definition
pH
wet-mount
potassium hydroxide (KOH) analysis |
|
|
Term
| What three conditions are associated with DES exposure? |
|
Definition
Vaginal adenosis
cervical hood
clear cell carcinoma |
|
|
Term
| When is ectropion abnormal and when is it normal? |
|
Definition
Ectropion is normal in menstruating women
It is abnormal in post-menopausal women and is ominous (and requires significant further eval) |
|
|
Term
| What is the normal size of ovaries? What does larger ovaries suggest? |
|
Definition
| 1 - 3cm; Larger suggests cysts or CA |
|
|
Term
| What must you do to examine a retroverted uterus properly? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When should a rectovaginal exam definitely be performed? |
|
Definition
| Should definitely be performed if colon cancer, incontinence, rectocele, or cul-de-sac tumors or infections are suspected. |
|
|
Term
| When does breast enlargement and tenderness as well as areolar enlargement and increased pigmentation occur in pregnancy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When does colostrum secretion begin in pregnancy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which sign of pregnancy is described as a bluish discoloration of vagina and cervix? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which sign of pregnancy is described as softening of the isthmus of the uterus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What hormones responsible for amenorrhea during pregnancy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the cause of heartburn in a pregnant female? |
|
Definition
| progesterone causes relaxation of the gastroesophageal sphincter |
|
|
Term
| What happens to the vaginal pH during pregnancy? Why? |
|
Definition
| Becomes more acidic because Lactobacillus acidophilus increases in amount due to increased glycogen |
|
|
Term
| What is formed as a protection against infection for the fetus? |
|
Definition
| Cervical canal fills with a tenacious mucous plug |
|
|
Term
| What causes the backache associated with pregnancy? |
|
Definition
secretion of estrogen and progesterone relaxes the pelvic joints
increased uterine weight increases lumbar lordosis |
|
|
Term
| When does the sensation of fetal movement begin in pregnancy? What is this called? |
|
Definition
20 weeks in primagravida or 17 - 18 weeks in multiparous women
Quickening |
|
|
Term
| What term means “dropping” late in pregnancy when fetus descends into the lower pelvis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the source of hCG? Where is it found? |
|
Definition
Glycoprotein produced by the developing placenta shortly after implantation
Found in urine and plasma |
|
|
Term
| In which gestational wk can a urine hCG become pos? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most accurate form of a pregnancy test? When can it detect a pregnancy? |
|
Definition
| Serum: beta HCG ; accurate before missed menses |
|
|
Term
| When can doppler detect fetal heart tones? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What tests are completed during the first visit for prenatal care? (4) |
|
Definition
PAP Smear
Rh Screen
STD Screen
Labs |
|
|
Term
| What tests are done during weeks 16 - 18 for prenatal care? (3) |
|
Definition
1st Sonogram
Amniocentesis
Triple Screen |
|
|
Term
| What tests are done during weeks 26 - 28 for prenatal care? (3) |
|
Definition
Diabetes screen
CBC
RhoGAM-negative blood type |
|
|
Term
| What tests are done during week 36 for prenatal care? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Term meaning - Time of pregnancy counting from the first day of the last menstrual period. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Term meaning - Time of pregnancy counting from fertilization. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many weeks is the first trimester? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many weeks is the second trimester? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many weeks is the third trimester? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In which weeks is the fetus termed previable? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When is the fetus termed preterm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When is the fetus termed full term? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Term meaning - Pelvic pain occurring at mid-cycle and related to ovulation. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Term meaning - Painless uterine contractions occuring after the 28th week. |
|
Definition
| Braxton-Hicks Contraction |
|
|
Term
| What are the signs of a molar pregnancy? |
|
Definition
Uterus increases rapidly in size
Persistent vaginal bleeding
No fetal movement
No fetal heart tones by 12 weeks
N/V more intense than usual
Grapelike clusters of tissues may be expelled from the vagina |
|
|
Term
| Which level station signifies that the fetal occiput (in a vertex presentation) has reached the level of the maternal ischial spines (also known as engagement)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which degree of station signifies that the fetal occiput is 1 cm above the maternal ischial spines? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which degree of station signifies that the fetal occiput is 1 cm below the maternal ischial spines? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does 4 cm effaced mean? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Using Naegele's rule calculate a women's EDC if her LMP was July 20, 2010. |
|
Definition
| LMP - 3 months = April 20, 2010 + 7 days and 1 year = April 27, 2011 |
|
|
Term
| At 12 weeks where is the fundal height located on exam? |
|
Definition
| uterus at level of pubic symphysis |
|
|
Term
| At 16 weeks where is the fundal height located on exam? |
|
Definition
| uterus btw pubic symphysis and umbilicus |
|
|
Term
| At 20 weeks where is the fundal height located on exam? |
|
Definition
| uterus at the level of umbilicus |
|
|
Term
| What syndrome can occur during an exam due to compression of the descending aorta and inferior vena cava while pt is supine? |
|
Definition
| supine hypotensive syndrome |
|
|
Term
| What tool is used to obtain a PAP smear in pregnant women? Why? |
|
Definition
| Ayre wooden spatula b/c cervical brush may cause bleeding |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| SBP >140 and DBP>90 occuring after wk 20 without proteinuria |
|
|
Term
| What is chronic HTN during pregnancy? |
|
Definition
| SBP >140 and DBP >90 before pregnancy, bfr wk 20, and after 12 wks postpartum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| SBP >140 and DBP >90 after wk 20 with proteinuria |
|
|
Term
| How does estrogen effect the skin? |
|
Definition
| Spider Nevi and Palmer Erythema |
|
|
Term
| What effects do corticosteroids have on the skin? |
|
Definition
| Cause striae on the breast and abdomen |
|
|
Term
| What abnormal condition in pregnancy may have a murmur as a symptom? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of murmurs during pregnancy should be investigated? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When are contractions considered preterm? |
|
Definition
| regular contractions w/ or w/o pain before 37 weeks are considered pre-term |
|
|
Term
| If fundal ht is > 4 cm from expected, what conditions should you consider? |
|
Definition
Large fetus,
Extra amniotic fluid,
Uterine Leiomyoma |
|
|
Term
| If fundal ht is < 4 cm than expected, what conditions should be considered? |
|
Definition
Missed Abortion,
Transverse lie,
Growth retardation
false pregnancy |
|
|
Term
| What might an inaudible FHR suggest? |
|
Definition
Pregnancy younger than expected,
fetal demise,
false pregnancy |
|
|
Term
| At 32 weeks gestation where is the fundal ht? |
|
Definition
| 6 cm below the xyphoid process |
|
|
Term
| At 28 weeks gestation, where is the fundal ht? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| At 36 weeks gestation, where is the fundal ht? |
|
Definition
| 2 cm below xyphoid process |
|
|
Term
| At 40 weeks gestation, where is the fundal ht? |
|
Definition
| 4 cm below xyphoid process* |
|
|
Term
| What does high levels of MSAFP indicate? |
|
Definition
Neural tube defects
Abdominal wall defects (gastroschisis and omphalocele)
Fetal Death |
|
|
Term
| What does low levels of MSAFP indicate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When should gestational diabetes be screened for? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does low levels of estriol indicate? |
|
Definition
Trisomy 21
Trisomy 18
Possibly low in Trisomy 13 (Patau syndrome) |
|
|
Term
| What do high levels of hCG indicate? |
|
Definition
| Trisomy 21 (Down Syndrome) |
|
|
Term
| What do low levels of hCG indicate? |
|
Definition
Trisomy 18 (Edwards syndrome)
Anencephaly |
|
|
Term
| How can the FHR help determine the position of the fetus in late pregnancy? |
|
Definition
If head down, FHR heard best in LLQ
If fetus is breech, with back on the right, FHR best heard in RUQ |
|
|
Term
| In the leopold maneuvers what term is described as relationship of the long axis of the fetus to the mother? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the leopold maneuvers what term is described as presenting part – which part is lowest in birth canal, palpated thru the cervix? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the leopold maneuvers what term is described as presenting part – which part is lowest in birth canal, palpated thru the cervix? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the leopold maneuvers what term is described as relation of presenting part to maternal right or left side of the birth canal; its direction anteriorly (A), transversely (T), or posteriorly (P)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the leopold maneuvers what term is described as “attitude/habitus” typically describes the position of the arms, legs, spine, neck, and face? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of breech is described as hips flexed and legs are flexed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of breech is described as one or both hips are not flexed so that a foot lies below? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of breech is described as hips flexed and legs are extended? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which vaccines are contraindicated during pregnancy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where do the lymphatics of the testes drain into? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of hernia goes through the inguinal canal? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of hernia goes parallel to the femoral artery? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of hernia goes distal to the external inguinal ring? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What condition is described as foreskin cannot be retracted over glans? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the MC cause of Balantitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A pt presents with redness, pain and swelling of the glans, what condition should you suspect? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What nerve controls the cremaster reflex? |
|
Definition
| genitofemoral nerve (L1,L2) |
|
|
Term
| On spermatic cord palpation, what condition is described as Multiple tortuous veins? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| On spermatic cord palpation, what condition is described as cystic structure? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What testicular condition is described as nontender, fluid-filled mass within the tunical vaginalis that transilluminates? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which testicular condition is described as painless, moveable cystic mass above the testes that transilluminates? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| With cryptoorchidism, what is the pt at a greater risk of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where should the testes be located? |
|
Definition
| >4cm inf. to pubic tubercle |
|
|
Term
| What is an incarcerated hernia? |
|
Definition
| Contents cannot be returned to the abdominal cavity manually |
|
|
Term
| What is a strangulated hernia? |
|
Definition
| Blood supply to the entrapped contents is compromised |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 are risk factors for development of Fournier’s gangrene? |
|
Definition
Uncontrollable diabetes mellitus,
high-dose steroids,
neutropenia |
|
|
Term
| What are hydroceles commonly associated with? |
|
Definition
| indirect inguinal hernia. |
|
|
Term
| Which masses or nodules are transilluminable? |
|
Definition
| hydrocele and spermatocele |
|
|
Term
| What is the width of the normal prostate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the finding on PE with prostate CA? |
|
Definition
Asymmetric shape
Hard consistency
Discrete nodule may be palpable
Median sulcus often obscured |
|
|
Term
| What are the finding on PE with BPH? |
|
Definition
Enlargement of gland is symmetrical
Marked protrusion into rectal lumen
Smooth with no nodularity
Median sulcus may be indistinguishable
Consistency is rubbery, ‘boggy’ or slightly elastic |
|
|
Term
| In which prostatic condition is the prostate tender to the touch and swollen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How can chronic prostatitis be treated? What is a common complication of this dz? |
|
Definition
deep-penetrating antibiotics (sulfas, quinolones)
male infertility is common complication |
|
|
Term
| What is an abnormal PSA level? What is the level definitive for prostate CA? |
|
Definition
| PSA > 4.0ng/ml; Prostate CA = > 10ng/ml |
|
|
Term
| What vessel accounts for 60% of the blood supply to the breast? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What supplies the sensation to the breast? |
|
Definition
| anterolateral and anteromedial branches of thoracic intercostal nerves T3-T5 |
|
|
Term
| What are the sensations of the nipple supplied by? |
|
Definition
| ateral cutaneous branch of T4 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If a pt presents with an inverted nipple (that was previously an outie) and complains of pruritis and pain, what condition should you suspect? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are some possible causes of nonpeurperal galactorrhea? |
|
Definition
Hypothyroidism
Pituitary prolactinoma
Drugs (dopamine agonists-psychotropic agents and phenothiazines) |
|
|
Term
| What are the possible causes of unilateral bloody d/c? |
|
Definition
Intraductal papilloma
Ductal carcinoma in situ
Paget’s disease |
|
|
Term
| Which type of palpable mass of the breast is described as usually fine, round, mobile, and nontender occurring in ages 15 - 25 y/o? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of palpable mass of the breast is described as usually soft to firm, round, mobile, often tender and occurring in women 25 - 50 y/o? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of palpable mass of the breast is described as nodular, rope-like and occurring in women 25 - 50 y/o? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of palpable mass of the breast is described as irregular, stellate, firm, not clearly delineated from surrounding tissue and occurring in women 25 - 50 y/o? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Any mass in women over 50 y/o is diagnosed as what? |
|
Definition
| CA until proven otherwise |
|
|
Term
| What stage of breast CA is described as Breast Mass Localized; all nodes negative? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What stage of breast CA is described as Breast Mass Localized; axillary nodes positive? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What stage of breast CA is described as Breast Mass locally extensive; axillary supraclavicular and internal mammary nodes positive? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What stage of breast CA is described as Distant Metastasis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What breast disease is described as Red, scaling, crusting on nipple or areola occurs unilaterally? What is this disease indicative of? |
|
Definition
| Paget disease – underlying ductal carcinoma |
|
|
Term
| What breast condition causes 2 – 3 cm tumors of subareola ducts cause serous or bloody discharge? |
|
Definition
| Intraductal papillomas and papillomatosis |
|
|
Term
| What breast condition is a response to injury and is firm irregular mass and discolored? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What meds can cause male adult gynectomastia? |
|
Definition
antihypertensive medications
steroids
estrogens |
|
|
Term
| What bacteria is a common cause of mastitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A pt presents with brest swelling, tenderness, redness, warmth, chills and fever. What condition is most likely? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the indications for CBE? |
|
Definition
| Every 3 yrs from 20 - 39 y/o and yearly after 40 y/o |
|
|
Term
| What is often needed to differentiate fatty tumors from CA? |
|
Definition
|
|
