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PCOL
Things I forget
21
Pharmacology
Graduate
12/13/2011

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Cards

Term
What can cause systolic CHF?
Definition
MI, ischemia, HTN
Term
What type of CHF requires drug therapy?
Definition
Systolic
Term
Dopamine.
Dobutamine
Beta Blockers
Pre/After
Definition
After only in dopamine
Term
ACE
Calcium Channel
AT-2
Organic Nitrates
Vasodilators
Alpha 1 block (prazosin)
Diuretics
Nesiritide
Pre/After
Definition
ACE- Both
Calcium Channel- After
AT-2-Both
Organic Nitrates-After
Vasodilators-Both
Alpha 1 block (prazosin)After
Diuretics-Pre
Nesiritide-Both
Term
Step Therapy in CHF
Definition
diuretics
ACE
Beta Block
Vasodilators
Glycosides
Nesiritide
Inotropes
Term
Effects of atropine in heart:
Definition
Block ACH
NE LIke
Increase automaticity/CV
Term
In diseased patients what normally happens to ERP and CV
Definition
CV is usually slowed
ERP is usually shortened
Term
Which type 1A drug causes less HOTN?
Definition
disopyramide
Term
Which type of anti-arrythmic do you often need to give an anti-coagulant with? Why?
Definition
Often need to give with 1A drugs (quinidine) bc increase risk of emboli
Term
Which anti-arrythmic has "pro-arrythmic effects" and can be fatal. Name/Class
Definition
Fleccanide
1C
Term
What are the mediators in autoregulation?
Definition
pO2
Adenosine
NO
Term
Type of angina nitrates are used to treat?
Definition
Stable
Term
How do nitrates work? (primary/secondary effects)
Definition
1*preload reduction (decresaed demand)
2* Coronary artery dilation @ ischemic tissues--shunt O2 to ischemic
3*afterload reduction (decreased work)
Term
What are some systemic effects of organic nitrates?
Definition
HOTN (can cause baro-receptor release)
Term
Side effects of nitrates:
Definition
headache, HOTN, methemoglobinemia
Term
How does tolerance to nitrates develop?
Definition
Depletion of cysteine and SH groups
Down regulation of ADH activity
Term
MOA of organic nitrates:
Definition
Formation of S-nitrothiols from cysteine
ADH forms NO
Guanylate cyclase is stimulated by S-nitrothiols and NO
This produces cGMP and increases CAMP
Term
What type of angina are beta blockers used for treating??
Definition
Stable angina
Term
Type of angina Calcium channel blockers are used for
Definition
Stable and Variant
Stable: verapamil
Variant: dihydropyridines
Term
Selectivity of tissues of calcium channel blockers:
Definition
Verapamil: AV>>Myo>>SM
Diltiazem:SM>>Myo>>AV
Nifedipine:SM>>Myo
Term
What is the MOA of ranolazine: primary and secondary
Definition
Blockade of late sodium channels (fix the impaired na/ca exchanger from ischemia)
pFOX inhibitor (lipid metabolism of the heart for energy, decreases metabolic rate and thus O2 demand
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