Term
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Definition
| Microorganisms that live on or inside the body without causing infections or disease |
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Term
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Definition
| Microorganisms that cause infections and disease |
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Term
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Definition
Bacteria
Rickettsiae
Viruses
Fungi
Prions
Protozoa |
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Term
| Characteristics of Bacteria |
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Definition
1. Single-cell, with a cell wall & an Atypical nucleus that lacks a membrane.
2. Grow independently and can replicate without a host cell.
3.Able to adapt to new conditions and are also able to mutate allowing them to resist and survive in the presence of antimicrobial drugs. |
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Term
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Definition
1 Spherical: Cocci
2 Rod-Shaped: Bacilla
3 Spiral: Spirilla or Spirochetes |
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Definition
| Retains dye when treated with alcohol |
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Definition
| Alcohol washes out the dye |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| Will not grow in the presence of oxygen |
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Term
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Definition
| Bacteria that can adapt and grow under Aerobic or Anaerobic conditions |
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Term
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Definition
| A form assumed by certain bacteria in which they resist drying and can live for long periods without warmth, moisture or nutrients. |
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Term
| Characteristics of Rickettsiae |
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Definition
1 Considered bacteria
2 Only grow inside animal cells
3 transmitted by arthropod vector bites
4 Humans are only accidental hosts |
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Term
| Characteristics of Viruses |
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Definition
1 Made of DNA or RNA with outer protein coating called the capsid that may be covered by a lipoprotein envelope that has projecting spikes
2 Spikes attach to host cells
3 can't survive independently |
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Term
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Definition
Yeast: Single Celled
Mold: Long, Branched, Filament-like Structures |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| Skin infections, respiratory infections and opportunistic infections. |
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Term
| Characteristics of Prions |
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Definition
1 Scientists believe that Prions may be infectious proteins
2 Prions are resistant to the body's natural defenses and can continue to multiply unchecked, causing irreversible, neurologic damage. |
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Term
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Definition
| Are Complex single-celled animals that generally exist as free-living organisms; a few are parasitic and live within the human body. |
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Term
| Protozoa are classified as... |
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Definition
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Term
| Motile Protozoa are further classified by there movement which can be by... |
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Definition
| Changing there shape to form Pseudopods or false "feet"; orothers move using flagella, whiplike formations that move the cell or cilia, fine hairlike projections that propel the organisms. |
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Term
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Definition
1 Infectious Organisms
2 Reservoir of Infection
3 Portal of Exit
4 Susceptible Host
5 Portal of Entry |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Distinguish Pathogens from nonpathogenic organisms that enable bacteria to destroy host cells and resist destruction |
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Definition
Source of infection may be any place where pathogens can thrive in sufficient numbers to pose a threat.
Must have moisture, nutrients, and a suitable temperature, all of which are found in the human body |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The portal of exit from the human body may be any route through which blood, body fluids, excretions or secretions leave the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| Are frequently patients who have a reduced natural resistance to infection |
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Term
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Definition
| Hospital acquired infection |
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Term
| How can you stop the cycle of infection? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Route in which microorganisms gain access into the susceptible host
Examples: respiratory, urinary, an gastrointestinal tracts, an open wound or break in the skin, mucous membranes such as the eyes nose and mouth, and the bloodstream. |
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Term
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Definition
Route in which microorganisms gain access into the susceptible host
Examples: respiratory, urinary, an gastrointestinal tracts, an open wound or break in the skin, mucous membranes such as the eyes nose and mouth, and the bloodstream. |
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Term
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Definition
1 Direct contact
2 Formite
3 Vector
4 Vehicle
5 Airborne Contamination
6 Droplet Contamination |
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Term
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Definition
| Requires that the host is touched by an infected person and that the organisms are places in direct contact with suceptible tissue. |
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Definition
| An object that has been in contact with a pathogenic organisms |
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Definition
| Is an anthropod in whose body an infectious organism develops or multiplies before becoming infective to a new host. |
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Definition
| Is an anthropod in whose body an infectious organism develops or multiplies before becoming infective to a new host. |
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Definition
| Any medium that transports microorganisms such as food, water, drugs, or blood |
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Definition
| Occurs either by dust that contains spores or by droplets nuclei, which are particles of evaporated droplets containing microorganisms that remain suspended in the air for long periods. |
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Definition
| Involves contact of the mucous membranes of the eyes, nose, or mouth of a susceptible person with large droplets containing microorganism. |
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| The bodys defense against infection |
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Definition
Natural Resistance
Acquired immunity
Passive immunity |
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Definition
| Mechanical barriers such as intact skin and mucous membranes. |
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Definition
| The process by which certain cells engulf and destroy microorganisms and cellular debris |
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Definition
State of being resistant to a specific infection
Long term |
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Term
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Definition
Occurs followinf an injection of preformed antibodies to a particular infection
Short term |
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Definition
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Definition
| Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
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Term
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Definition
| World Health Organization |
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Term
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Definition
| An agent that significantly interferes with the ability of the immune system to respond to antigenic stimulation by inhibiting cellular and humoral immunity |
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Term
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Definition
| All patients are are treated as potential reservoirs of infection |
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Term
| Body Substance Precautions |
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Definition
| Focuses on th use of barriers for all moist and potentially infectious body substances from all patients |
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Term
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Definition
| Designed to reduce the risk of transmission of unrecognized sources of bloodborne and other pathogens in health care institutions |
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Term
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Definition
| Deals with reducing the probability of infectious organisms being transmitted to a susceptible individual |
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Definition
| The process of reducing the total number of organisms |
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Term
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Definition
| Involves the destruction of pathogens by using chemical materials |
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Term
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Definition
| Involves treating items with heat, gas, or chemicals to make them germ-free then stored in a manner that prevents contamination |
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Term
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Definition
| The complete destruction of all organisms and spores from equipment used to perform patient care or procedures |
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Term
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Definition
1 chemical
2 dry heat
3 gas
4 gas plasma
5 autoclaving |
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Term
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Definition
| Involves the immersion and soaking of clean objects in a bath of germicidal solution followed by a sterile water rinse |
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Definition
Such as in an oven
1 to 6 hours
329F to 338F |
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Term
| Conventional Gas Sterilization |
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Definition
| Freon and ethylene heated to 135F |
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Term
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Definition
| Low temperature hydrogen peroxide gas plasma diffuses through a wrapped instruments and effectively kills both microorganisms and spored |
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