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Definition
| The secondary muscles of respirations. Includes the neck muscles, the chest pectoralis major muscles, and the abdominal muscles |
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Definition
| To listen to the sounds of an organ with a stethoscope |
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Definition
| A method of assessing the level of consciousness by determining whether the patient is awake and alert, reponsive to verbal stimuli or pain, or unresponsive; used principally early in the assessment process |
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Definition
| The pressure of circulating blood against the walls of the arteries |
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Definition
| A slow heart rate, less than 60 bpm |
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Definition
| An indication of air movement into the lungs, usually assessed with a stethoscope |
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Definition
| A test that evaluates distal circulatory system function by squeezing (blanching) blood from an area such as a nail bed and watching the speed of its return after releasing the pressure |
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Definition
| A noninvasive method that can quickly and efficiently provide information on a patient's ventilatory status, circulation, and metabolism |
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Definition
| The use of a capnometer, a device that measures the amount of expired carbon dioxide |
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Definition
| A component of air that typically makes up 0.3% of air at sea level. It is also a waste product exhaled during expiration by the respiratory system |
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Definition
| The reason a patient called for help; also the patient's response to questions such as "What's wrong?" or "WHat happened?" |
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Definition
| To form a clot to plug an opening in an injured blood vessel and stop bleeding |
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Definition
| Capnometer or end-tidal carbon dioxide detecors are devices that use a chemical reaction to detect the amount of CO@ present in expired gases by changing colors |
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Definition
| The delicate membrane that lines the eyelids and covers the exposed surface of the eye |
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Definition
| A grating or grinding sensation caused by fractured bone ends or joints rubbing together; alos air bubbles under the skin that produce a crackling sound or crinkly feeling |
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Definition
| Bluish gray skin color that is caused by a reduced level of oxygen in the blood |
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Definition
Deformities
Contusions
Abrasions
Punctures/Penetrations
Burns
Tenderness
Lacerations
Swelling |
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Definition
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Definition
| Pressure that remains in the arteries during the relaxing phase of the heart's cycle when the left ventricle is at rest |
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Definition
| Amount of CO2 present in exhaled breath |
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Definition
| Type of physical assessment that is typically performed on patients who have sustained non-significant mechanisms of injury or on responsive medical patients. Examination is based on the chief complaint and focuses on one body system or part |
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Definition
| Damage to tissues as the result of exposure to cold; frozen or partially frozen body parts are frostbitten |
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Definition
| A systematic head-to-toe examination that is performed during the secondary assessment on a patient who has sustained a significant mechanism of injury, is unconscious, or is in critical condition |
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Definition
| The overall initial inpression that determines the priority for patient care; based on the patient's surroundings, the mechanism of injury, signs and symptoms, and the chief complaint |
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Definition
| The time from injury to definitive care, during which treatment of shock and traumatic injuries should occur becuase survival potential is best |
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Definition
| Involuntary muscle contractions (spasms) of the abdominal wall in an effort to protect an inflamed abdomen; a sign of peritonitis |
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Definition
| A step within the patient assessment process that provides detail anout the patient's chief complaint and an account of the patient's signs and symptoms |
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Definition
| Blood pressure that is higher that the normal range |
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Definition
| Blood pressure that is lower than the normal range |
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Definition
| A condition in which the internal body temperature falls below 95 degrees farenheit after exposure to a cold environment |
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Definition
| A system implemented to manage disasters and mass- and multiple-casualty incidents in which section chiefs, including finance, logistics, operations, and planning, report to the incident commander. Also referred to as the incident management system |
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Term
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Definition
| yellow skin or sclera that is caused by liver disease or dysfunction |
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Definition
| Breathing that requires visibly increased effort; characterized by grunting, stridor, and use of accessory muscles |
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Term
| Mechanism of Injury (MOI) |
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Definition
| The way in which traumatic injuries occur; the forces that act on the body to cause damage |
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Definition
| Flaring out of the nostrils, indicating that there is an airway obstruction |
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Definition
| The general type of illness a patient is experienceing |
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Term
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Definition
Onset - when did it start
Provocation - does anything make it better or worse
Quality - what does the pain feel like
Radiation - does the pain move
Severity - scale of 1-10
Time - has the pain changed over time |
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Definition
| The mental status of the patient as measured by memory of person, place, time, and event |
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Definition
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Definition
| The motion of the chest wall section that is detached in a flail chest; the motion is exactly the opposite of normal motion during breathing |
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Term
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Definition
| Circulation of blood within an organ or tissue |
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Term
| Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) |
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Definition
| Clothing or specialized equipment that provides protection to the wearer |
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Definition
| Negative findings that warrant no care or intervention |
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Definition
| A step within the patient assessment process that identifies and initiates treatment of immediate and potential life threats |
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Definition
| The pressure wave that occurs as each heartbeat causes a surge in the blood circulating through the arteries |
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Definition
| An assessment tool that measures oxygen saturation of hemoglobin in the capillary beds |
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Definition
| A crackling, rattling breath sound that signals fluid in the air spaces of the lungs; also called crackles |
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Term
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Definition
| A step within the patient assessment process that is performed at regular intervals during the assessment process. Its purpose is to identify and treat changes in a patient's condition. A patient in unstable condition should be reassessed every 5 minutes, whereas a patient in stable condition should be reassesssed every 15 minutes |
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Definition
| The way in which a patient responds to external stimuli, including verbal stimuli, tactile stimuli, and painful stimuli |
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Definition
| Movements in which the skin pulls in around the ribs during inspiration |
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Definition
| Course, low-pitch breath sounds heard in patients with chronic mucus in the upper airways |
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Term
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Definition
Signs and Symptoms
Allergies
Medications
Pertinent History
Last meal, bowel, etc.
Events leading to injury or illness |
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Definition
| A step within the patient assessment process that involves a quick assessment of the scene and the surroundings to provide information about scene safety and the mechanism of injury or nature of illness before you enter and begin patient caare |
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Definition
| The white portion of the eye; the tough outer coat that gives protection to the delicate, light-sensitive inner layer |
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Definition
| A step within the patient assessment process in which a systemic physical examination of the patient is performed. The examination may be a systematic full-body scan or a systematic assessment that focuses on a certain region of the body, often determined through chief complaint |
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Term
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Definition
| Respirations that are characterized by little movement of the chest wall (reduced tidal volume) or poor chest excursion |
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Definition
| Objective findings that can be seen, heard, felt, smelled, or measured |
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Definition
| An upright position in which the patient's head and chin are thrust slightly forward to keep the airway open |
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Term
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Definition
| Breathing that occurs with no assistance |
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Definition
| Protective measures that have traditionally been developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for use in dealing with objects, blood, body fluids, and other potential exposure risks of communicable disease |
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Term
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Definition
| A harsh, high-pitched, crowing inspiratory sound, such as the sound often heard in acute laryngeal obstruction; may sound like acrowing and be audible without a stethascope |
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Term
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Definition
| The presence of air in soft tissues, causing characteristic crackling sensation on palpation |
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Term
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Definition
| Subjective findings that the patient feels but that can only be indenfied by the patient |
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Term
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Definition
| The increased pressure in an artery with each contraction of the ventricles |
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Term
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Definition
| A rapid heart rate, more than 100 bps |
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Term
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Definition
| The amount of air that is move in or out of the lungs during one breath |
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Definition
| The process of establishing treatment and transportation priorities according to severity of injury and medical need |
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Term
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Definition
| An upright position in which the patient leans forward onto two arms stretched forward and thrsts the head and chin forward |
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Term
| Two- to Three-word Dyspnea |
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Definition
| A severe breathing problem in which a patient can speak only two to three words at a time without pausing to take a breath |
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Term
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Definition
| Narrowing of a blood vessel |
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Term
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Definition
The key signs that are used to evaluate the patient's overall condition
Respirations
Pulse
BP
Level of consciousness
Skin characteristics |
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Term
| Steps in the Patient Assessment |
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Definition
Scene Size-up
Primary Assessment
History Taking
Secondary Assessment
Reassessment |
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Term
| Steps in the Scene Size-up |
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Definition
Scene safety
MOI or NOI
# of patients
Need for additional resources
C-spine consideration |
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Term
| Steps in the Primary Assessment |
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Definition
General Impression
LOC
ABC
Rapid Scan
Priority of Patient
Transport decision |
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Definition
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Term
| Normal Adult and adolescent pulse |
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Definition
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