Term
Plexiform neurofibroma assw NF?
Diffuse? |
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Definition
100% assw Neurofibromatosis I
Diffuse? ~ 10% not known clearly. Wagner- Meisner bodies |
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Term
|
Definition
multiple lipomas in a posterior
neck and shoulder distribution
ETOH |
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Term
| Myofibroblastic tumors DDx? * |
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Definition
Nodular fasciitis
Proliferative fasciitis
Fibrous histiocytoma
DFSP
Fibromatosis
MFH |
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Term
|
Definition
• Diffuse corporal
gastritis
• Immune mediated
(antiparietal and anti
intrinsic factor Abs)
• High serum gastrin
• F>M
• Low vitamin B12
• H. pylori <20% |
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Term
|
Definition
• Multifocal atrophic
gastritis
• Not immune mediated
• Normal or low serum
gastrin
• F=M
• Normal Vitamin B12
• H. pylori 90-100% |
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Term
| Dilute Russell viper venom test |
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Definition
Russell Viper venom + Factor V, phospholipid and calcium
activates Factor X. Plasma containing lupus antibodies prolongs
PTT. |
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Term
|
Definition
Pt given low dose heparin, radioactive labeled serotonin released
• Pt given high dose heparin,immune complexed destroyed, so no serotonin released |
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Term
|
Definition
• AR, lens dislocate, MR, peripheral neuropathy,
• sometimes folate ↓
Dx:
• 1. serum levels
• 2. Methyl tetrahydrofolate reductase mutation
• 3. Mutation in CBS cysathionine β synthase |
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Term
Cyroprecipitate indications?
150 fibrinogen
80 IU Fx 8
vwF - 100 IU
Fx 13 - 50IU
Fibronectin |
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Definition
1.Fibrinogen deficiency
2.Tx vWD
3.Uremic thrombocytopathy
4.Fx 13 deficiency |
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Term
FFP?
All coagulation factors
Fibrinogen - 400 mg
1 IU of all others
|
|
Definition
1.Coagulopathy due to multiple factor deficiencies
2.Reversal vit K deficiency
3.Dilutional coagulopathy
4.TTP/HUS - plasmapheresis |
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Term
|
Definition
• A: 4 antigen match
• B1X: 1 antigen is cross-reactive
• B1U: 1 antigen is unknown
• B2UX: 1 unknown, 1 cross-reactive
• C: 3 antigen match
• D: 2 antigen match |
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Term
| Disk test for Beta lactamase? |
|
Definition
Add bacteria to filter paper impregnated with
Nitrocefin (chromogenic cephalosporin)
color change from yellow to red -
beta lactamase enzyme breaks down beta lactam ring
resistance to Amp/Pen/Ceph to Haemophilus,
N. gonnorrhoea , Moraxella catarrhalis, Enterococcus,
Staphylococcus, and anaerobic gram negative rods |
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Term
B. fragilis - primary resistance is beta lactamase production - penicillin resistant |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
Oxacillin - penicillin binding
proteins (PBP) - produced by mecA gene
Test via oxacillin resistant |
|
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Term
|
Definition
determine if Staph aureus/MRSA is
susceptible to Clindamycin |
|
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Term
| Enterococcus naturally resistant to? |
|
Definition
Cephalosporins
Clindamycin
Tmp/Sxt |
|
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Term
Enterococcus- vancomycin resistant
Plasmid A?
Plasmid B?
Drugs of choice? |
|
Definition
Plasmid A? E. faecium
Plasmid B? E. faecalis
Drugs: Linezolid, Synercid |
|
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Term
If ESBL Production positive - antibiotic reporting?
Drugs of choice? |
|
Definition
report all Cephalosporins and Penicillins as
resistant/ Cephalomycins test sensitive
Drugs: Imipenem, Pip/Tazobactam |
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Term
|
Definition
Klebsiella pneumoniae Carbapenemase producing.
Hyper beta-lactamase producing + resistance to carbapenems (imipenem) |
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Term
Assoications
Subependymal giant cell astrocytomas?
NF, Optic n gliomas, pilocytic astrocytomas?
Meningiomas? |
|
Definition
Assoications
Subependymal giant cell astrocytomas? Tuberous sclerosis
NF, Optic n gliomas, pilocytic astrocytomas? NF1
Meningiomas? NF2 |
|
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Term
-Associations- Neuropath
p53 ?
EGFR?
LOH 1p 19q -
Myc amplification? |
|
Definition
-Associations- Neuropath
patched ? desmoplastic medulloblastomas
p53? - astrocytomas
EGFR? Glioblastomas, anaplastic astro-
LOH 1p 19q - Oligodendrogliomas
Myc amplification? Neuroblastoma |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Tau protein?
Alpha syn-nuclein? |
|
Definition
Tau protein? Alzheimers disease
Alpha syn-nuclein? Parkinsons (Lewy bodies) |
|
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Term
| Neuropath - mutations in Androgen Receptor gene assw ? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Thiamine deficieny neuropath findings? |
|
Definition
| Mamillary body atrophy, hypothalamus, and anterior thalamic nucleus |
|
|
Term
| Basal ganglia degeneration? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Ischemic lesions early in gestation leading to necrosis and cyst |
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Term
|
Definition
| Ishcemic lesions to basal ganglia early infancy - gliosis and aberrant myelination |
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Term
| Typical phenotype of Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma |
|
Definition
HTLV1 driven
CD3,5,4+, (8 negative) |
|
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Term
| CD19+ CD20+-, CD5+, CD23+, IgM+, IgD+ |
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Definition
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Term
Malaria
Tertian fever?
Quartan (72h)? |
|
Definition
Malaria
Tertian fever? Ovale, Vivax, Falciparum
Quartan (72h)? Malariae |
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Term
Malariae associations
Nephrotic syndrome?
CNS Involvement?
True relapse disease? |
|
Definition
Malariae associations
Nephrotic syndrome? Malariae
CNS Involvement? Falciparum
True relapse disease? Ovale, Vivax |
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Term
Malariae-
Infect younger RBCs?
Older RBCs?
Any RBC? |
|
Definition
Malariae-
Infect younger RBCs? Ovale, Vivax
Older RBCs? Malariae
Any RBC? Falciparum |
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Term
Malariae protection
HbS trait?
Duffy antigen?
G6PD? |
|
Definition
Malariae protection
HbS trait? Falciparum
Duffy antigen? Vivax
G6PD? All |
|
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Term
Major criteria plasma cell neoplasia?
Minor? |
|
Definition
Major criteria plasma cell neoplasia?
-Marrow >30%, plasmacytoma, M component
Minor? -Marrow 10-30%, Reduced Ig, M component not high.
1 major, 1 minor OR 3 minor |
|
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Term
| Topoisomerase 2 inhibitor therapy induced AML associated with what abnormality? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Cytogenetic abnormalities described in MALT lymphomas? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| C. dificile- hypervirilent strain? |
|
Definition
NAP1
Toxin A - Enterotoxin
Toxin B - Cytotoxin |
|
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Term
| Staph saprophyticus - Novobiocin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Micrococcus- characteristics
Gram?
Bacitracin?
Oxidase?
Glucose? |
|
Definition
Micrococcus- BRIGHT YELLOW PIGMENT
Gram? Positive Cocci in Tetrads
Bacitracin? Susceptible
Oxidase? Positive
Glucose? Non-fermenter |
|
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Term
Group A Beta-Hemolytic Strep
Bacitracin?
SXT?
PYR? |
|
Definition
Group A Beta-Hemolytic Strep
Bacitracin? Susceptible
SXT? Resistant
PYR? Positive
Drug of choice - Penicillin |
|
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Term
Group B (Agalactiae) Beta-Hemolytic Strep
Catalase?
Camp test?
Hippurate hydrolysis? |
|
Definition
Group B (Agalactiae) Beta-Hemolytic Strep
Catalase? Negative
Camp test? Positive
Hippurate hydrolysis? Positive |
|
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Term
Enterococcus (Gamma Hemolytic Strep)
Bile esculin?
PYR?
Salt?
Two main species?
Natural resistance?
Drugs of choice? |
|
Definition
Enterococcus (Gamma Hemolytic Strep)
Bile esculin? Positve
PYR? Positive
Salt? 6.5% +
Two main species? Faecium (arabinose +), Faecalis (-)
Natural resistance? Cephalosporins
Drugs of choice? Amp/Vancomycin |
|
|
Term
Group D Streptococcus NOT enterococcus?
Bile?
Salt?
PYR? |
|
Definition
Group D Streptococcus NOT enterococcus?
-Strep bovis
Bile? Positive
Salt? Negative
PYR? Negative
Assw bowel carcinoma.
Penicillin susceptible |
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Term
Neiserria and Moraxella
Gram?
Oxidase? |
|
Definition
Neiserria and Moraxella
Gram? Negative Cocci
Oxidase? Positive |
|
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Term
N. Meningitidis - strain endemic in US?
Prophylaxis?
Tx? |
|
Definition
C
Prophylaxis? Rifampin
Tx? Penicillin |
|
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Term
| Moraxella enzyme positive? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Henoch Sclonhein Purpura - platelets increased or decreased? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Malignant mesothelioma -
Alcian blue?
Hyaluronidase? |
|
Definition
Malignant mesothelioma -
Alcian blue? +
Hyaluronidase? Sensitive |
|
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Term
Seminoma - hCG or AFP elevated?
Dystrophic calcifications points to? |
|
Definition
hCG
-PLAP, CD117, OCT3/4, variable keratin*
Calcs - preexisting gonadoblastoma |
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
keratin, PLAP, AFP*
PAS+ hyaline globules |
|
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Term
|
Definition
keratin+, inhibin +
Charcot Botthcher filament (EM) |
|
|
Term
| Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia - HPV negative type? |
|
Definition
Older F ; unifocal
-p53 mutations
-Assw vulvar inflammatory disease |
|
|
Term
LGSIL
Assw CIN II-III?
Assw Ca?
Regress?
Persist?
Progress to CIS? |
|
Definition
LGSIL
Assw CIN II-III? 25%
Assw Ca? 0.1%
Regress? 60%
Persist? 30%
Progress to CIS? 10% |
|
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Term
|
Definition
DR3,4,5
(Addisions, DM 1, SLE, MG, Sjogrens) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Goiter w/ hypothyroidism
Familial deaf mutisim |
|
|
Term
| Follicular carcinoma mutations? |
|
Definition
PPAR gamma
NRAS/HRAS
p53,beta catntin (prog from well-d to aggressive) |
|
|
Term
| Papillary microcarcinoma- cases presenting with node mets - molecular findings? |
|
Definition
p27 loss
cyclin D1 upregulation |
|
|
Term
| Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma, thyroglobulin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Choriocarcinoma testis IHC? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Gout crystals and polarity? |
|
Definition
Monosodium urate
Yellow- parallel |
|
|
Term
| Intramedullary osteosarcoma |
|
Definition
Low grade lesion
Excellent prognosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Excellent prognosis
Stalk like attachemnt
MC- distal femur |
|
|
Term
| Telangiectactic osteosarcoma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Chemistry, blood bank, serology |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Citrate/dextrose
-blood bank, HLA |
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Term
|
Definition
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