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Pathology of Digestive System
Medical Transcription Terminology
53
Medical
Professional
12/08/2008

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Term
Achlorhydria
Definition
Absence of hydrochloric acid from gastric secretions
Term
Anal fistula
Definition

Fistula is an abnormal passageway formed near the anus

Term
Anorexia
Definition
Lack of appetite
Term
Aphthous stomatitis
Definition
Canker sores found in the oral cavity
Term
Ascites
Definition

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity

Term
Borborygmus
Definition
Rumbling gas sounds in the intestines
Term
Cholecystectomy
Definition
Removal of the gallbladder
Term
Cholelithiasis
Definition
The presence of gallstones
Term
Cirrhosis
Definition

Abnormal liver cells, usually due to excessive alcohol intake

Term
Cleft lip
Definition

Congenital defect - an elongated opening of upper lip, upward to the nose

Term
Cleft palate
Definition

Congenital fissure (abnormal opening) in the roof of the mouth

Term
Colitis
Definition
Inflammation of colon
Term
Constipation
Definition
Difficult, delayed elimination of feces
Term
Crohn's disease
Definition

Inflammation of colon, causing scarring and thickening in the walls

Term
Diverticulitis
Definition

Inflammation of diverticula (pouch or sac in lining of intestine).

Term
Dyspepsia
Definition
Indigestion
Term
Dysphagia
Definition
Difficulty in swallowing.
Term
Dysphasia
Definition
Difficulty in speech.
Term
Emesis
Definition
Vomiting.
Term
Enteritis
Definition
Inflammation of small intestine.
Term
Eructation
Definition
Belching/raising gas orally from the stomach.
Term
Esophageal reflux
Definition
Return of stomach contents into esophagus.
Term
Esophageal varices
Definition

Swollen, twisted veins around the distal (end) of the esophagus.

Term
Flatus
Definition
Gas expelled from the anus.
Term
Gallstones
Definition

Calculus formed in the gallbladder. Also called cholelithiasis.

Term
Gastric ulcer
Definition
Erosion of tissue in mucous lining of stomach.
Term
Gastritis
Definition
Inflammation of stomach.
Term
Gastroenteritis
Definition
Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine.
Term
Gastrorrhagia
Definition
Excessive bleeding from the stomach.
Term
Gastrorrhexis
Definition
Rupture of stomach.
Term
Gingivitis
Definition
Inflammation of gums.
Term
Hematemesis
Definition
Vomiting blood.
Term
Hemorrhoids
Definition
Swollen varicose veins in the anal region.
Term
Hepatitis
Definition
Inflammation of the liver caused by a virus.
Term
Hepatomegaly
Definition
Enlargement of the liver.
Term
Hernia
Definition

Protrusion of an organ, or part of an organ, through the wall that normally contains it.

Term
Herpes labialis
Definition
Cold sore / fever blister. Herpes simplex.
Term
Hiatal hernia
Definition

Protrusion of the stomach upward through the diaphragm.

Term
Hyperemesis
Definition
Excessive vomiting.
Term
IBD
Definition
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Term
Ileitis
Definition
Inflammation of the ileum.
Term
Jaundice
Definition
Yellowing of the skin and sclera of the eyes.
Term
Leukoplakia
Definition

White patches of mucous membrane on the lips and tongue.

Term
Melena
Definition
Black dark tarry stools containing digested blood.
Term
Nausea
Definition
Sensation of urge to vomit.
Term
Peptic ulcer
Definition
Erosion of tissue in stomach or duodenum.
Term
Perforating ulcer
Definition
Erosion through the entire thickness of organ wall.
Term
Polyp
Definition

Small tumor on a stalk, found in nose, colon and rectum.

Term
Pyrosis
Definition

Heartburn.

Term
Regurgitation
Definition
Backward flow of food from stomach to mouth.
Term
Ulcer
Definition

Lesion of skin or mucous membrane, with inflammation and necrosis.

Term
Volvulus
Definition

Twisting of the intestine upon itself, causing an obstruction.

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