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Pathologies of the Respiratory and Digestive Systems
for massage therapy
39
Anatomy
Professional
07/11/2010

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Cards

Term
Apnea
Definition
- a temporary cessation (usually lasting 15 seconds) or absence of spontaneous breathing
Term
Asthma
Definition
- Asthma is a chronic, inflammatory disorder in which the smooth muscles of the smaller bronchi and bronchioles spasm close, completely or partially, causing labored breathing
Term
Bronchitis
Definition
- is inflammation of the bronchial mucosa that causes the bronchial tubes to swell and extra mucus to be produced.
- The two types are acute and chronic
- CONTRAINDICATION if a fever is present
Term
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Definition
- is a group of pulmonary disorders characterized by persistent of recurring obstruction of airflow, such as asthma, emphysema, cystic fibrosis, pneumoconiosis, or chronic bronchitis
Term
Common Cold
Definition
- an acute inflammation of the mucosa of the upper respiratory tract, usually confined to the nose and throat but the larynx can be involved as well.
- CONTRAINDICATION for 2-3 days after symptoms start
Term
Emphysema
Definition
- involves overinflation and destruction of the alveoli, which produces abnormally large air spaces that remain filled with air during expiration
Term
Hay Fever
Definition
- a general term used to denote any allergic reaction of the nasal mucosa and is characterized by sudden attacks of sneezing, swelling, and profuse water discharge of the nasal mucosa, with itching and watering of the eyes.
- CONTRAINDICATED during acute allergic attacks
Term
Influenza
Definition
- an acute viral infection of the respiratory tract caused by different strains of viruses designated A, B, and C.
- CONTRAINDICATION
Term
Laryngitis
Definition
- inflammation of the larynx that often results in loss of voice
- Only contraindicated if caused by an underlying illness
Term
Pleurisy
Definition
- inflammation of the pleural membranes characterized by stabbing pain during breathing
-Must obtain doctor's clearance
Term
Pneumonia
Definition
- an infection or inflammation of the alveoli caused by the bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae, but other infectious agents such as protozoans, viruses, and fungi may be responsible
-CONTRAINDICATION
Term
Sinusitis
Definition
-an inflammation of the paranasal sinuses
- only contraindication if a fever is present
Term
Tuberculosis
Definition
- is a chronic lung infection caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- CONTRAINDICATED until client is no longer infective
Term
Anorexia
Definition
- classified both as an eating and emotional disorder
- is the prolonged avoidance of eating
- DOCTORS CLEARANCE REQUIRED
Term
Appendicitis
Definition
- an inflammation of the vermiform appendix
- is often detected by acute pain in the lower right quadrant of the abdomen, vomiting, fever, and elevated white blood cell count.
- CONTRAINDICATED
Term
Bulimia
Definition
- classified both as an eating disorder and emotional disorder
- characterized by overeating (bingeing) and self induced vomiting(purging)
- INDICATION
Term
Cholecystitis
Definition
- chronic or acute inflammation of the gallbladder
- CONTRAINDICATED during acute stage
Term
Cirrhosis of the Liver
Definition
- a chronic degenerative disease in which the hepatic cells are destroyed and replaced with fibrous connective tissue, giving the liver a yellow-orange color
- CONTRAINDICATION
Term
Colitis
Definition
- an inflammation of the mucosa of the large intestine and rectum and is characterized by weight loss, intestinal ulcerations, diarrhea, and bleeding of the colon wall.
- abdominal massage is contraindicated
Term
Constipation
Definition
- infrequent or difficult passing of stools
- only contraindicated if caused by an underlying illness
Term
Crohn's Disease
Definition
- a progressive inflammatory disease of the colon and/or the ileum
- indication
Term
Diarrhea
Definition
- frequent passing of unformed, loose, watery stools
- only contraindicated if caused by an underlying illness
Term
Diverticulitis
Definition
- pouchlike herniations of the colon wall where the muscle has become weak
- CONTRAINDICATED if symptoms are severe
Term
Diverticulosis
Definition
- small mucosal herniations through the muscular wall anywhere in the colon but most typically in the sigmoid colon
- CONTRAINDICATED only if symptoms and pain are severe
Term
Gallstones
Definition
- result from the fusion of cholesterol crystals in bile
- CONTRAINDICATED during acute stages
Term
Gastroenteritis
Definition
- an inflammation of the lining of the stomach and intestines characterized by nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, lack of appetite, and weakness
- CONTRAINDICATED when caused by infectious agents
Term
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Definition
- caused by lower cardioesophageal sphincter failing to close normally after food has entered the stomach, hydrochloric acid from the stomach can enter the inferior portion of the esophagus
- massage is fine as long as symptoms are not severe
Term
Hepatitis
Definition
- an inflammation of the liver that can be caused by alcohol, drugs, toxins, or infection by the hepatitis virus, of which several viral types are known
- CONTRAINDICATED during acute stages
Term
Hernia
Definition
- is a protrusion of an organ or part of an organ through its surrounding connective tissue membranes or cavity wall
- avoid the herniated area, deep pressure is contraindicated
Term
Irritable bowel syndrome
Definition
- is a condition of the large intestine characterized by abnormal muscular contraction and excessive mucus in stools.
- massage is fine as long as symptoms are not severe
Term
Obesity
Definition
- is characterized by an abnormal increase in subcutaneous fat, primarily in visceral regions of the body
Term
Pancreatitis
Definition
- inflammation of the pancreas, usually the result of trauma, alcohol abuse, infection, or certain medications that damage the pancreas
- CONTRAINDICATED in acute stage
Term
Peritonitis
Definition
- an acute inflammation of the peritoneum, produced by bacteria or irritating substances that gain access into abdominal cavity
- obtain doctors clearance
Term
Pharyngitis
Definition
- inflammation or infection of the pharynx
- only contraindicated if caused by an underlying illness
Term
Polyps
Definition
- can be single or multiple growths on a mucous membrane, but they most commonly occur in the colon
- ABDOMINAL MASSAGE IN CONTRAINDICATED
Term
Thrush
Definition
- caused by the fungi Candida albicans
- affects the oral cavity
- only contraindicated if caused by illness
Term
Tonsilittis
Definition
inflammation of the tonsils, especially the palatine tonsils
- CONTRAINDICATED
Term
Ulcerative Colitis
Definition
- is an inflammation of the mucosa of the large intestine and rectum
- is a type of chronic inflammatory bowl disease
- abdominal massage is contraindicated
Term
Ulcers
Definition
- a lesion in a membrane
- abdominal massage is contraindicated
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