Term
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Definition
No aura or postictal phase
complete LOC
may stare into space or appear to be day-dreaming
small rhythmic muscle jerks
+/- uncontrolled lip smacking or eye blinking
immediately returns to normal activity when sz ends
no memory of sz
occurs mainly in children under 4 yo to adolescence
less than 30 seconds |
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Term
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Definition
| treatment that is intended to stop a medical condition from progressing any further. A medication taken at the earliest signs of a disease, such as at the very symptoms of a migraine headache, is an abortive therapy |
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Term
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Definition
drop attack
abrupt loss of muscle tone
sudden split second complete loss of muscle tone
brief LOC
short postictal
usually in children with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome |
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Term
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Definition
| a partial sz experienced as a peculiar sensation preceding the onset of generalized sz that may take the form of gustatory, visual, or auditory experience or a feeling of dizziness, numbness, or just a "funny feeling" |
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Term
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Definition
| the moving or functioning without conscious control that occurs either independently of external stimuli or under the influence of external stimuli |
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Term
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Definition
knees and hips flex in response to passive flexion of the neck
due to irritation around roots of lumbar region |
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Term
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Definition
alternating contraction and relaxation of major muscle groups that are relatively symmetric, bilateral, synchronous, semi-rhythmic jerking of upper and lower extremities
increase in amplitude, decrease in frequency as seizure progresses |
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Term
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Definition
most painful primary headache
M:F 6:1
Peak incidence in 40-50 yo men
1st degree relatives have 5-18 times greater risk of developing cluster HA
unilateral |
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Term
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Definition
LOC
usually affect the temporal lobe
automatisms (lip smacking, clapping)
May have deja vu
Jamais Vu: very familiar things become unrecognizable
patient is conscious but has no memory of actions during sz
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a feeling that new places and events seem familiar or as if they have happened before during a simple partial seizure |
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Term
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Definition
abrupt loss of muscle tone - inability to sit or stand
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| concurrent inflammation of the brain and spinal cord |
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Term
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Definition
Occur between three months and five years of age
associated with fever, but without evidence of intracranial infection or defined cause
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Term
| GABA- glutamate relationship |
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Definition
| decreased GABAergic inhibition and increased glutamatergic excitiation |
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Term
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Definition
begin with epileptiform activity over the entire cortex and affect both cerebral hemispheres
LOC
Absence seizure
Atonic Seizure
Myoclonic
tonic-clonic seizure |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the period of seizure activity |
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Term
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Definition
| a focal seizure that successively involves adajacent motor parts on one side of the body during a seizure as it involves progression of the electrical seizure avtivity of the seizure in the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| familiar or well known things or places may suddenly seem unfamiliar |
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Term
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Definition
| severe stiffness of the hamstrings causes an inability to straighten the leg when the hip is flexed to 90 degrees |
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Term
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Definition
| stiffness of the neck due to inflammation of membranes covering spinal cord or brain |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord and the CSF |
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Term
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Definition
| a protrusion of the membranes that cover the spine and part of the spinal cord through a bone defect in the vertebral column |
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Term
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Definition
the most severe type of spina bifida. Herniation of the spinal cord + meninges + spinal fluid into the dorsal dural sac
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Term
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Definition
onset often in teens; peak between 35-45 yo
Females > males
> 70% have family history
vascular HA
unilateral
throbbing or pulsatile pain |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the spinal cord |
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Term
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Definition
single or repetitive jerking motions
No LOC
infants and young children
bilateral jerking of muscles generalized or confined to face, trunk, one or more extremities
increase in amplitude, decrease in frequency as sz progressess
Clonic: alternating contraction and relaxation of major muscle groups that are relatively symmetric, bilateral, synchronous, semi-rhythmic jerking of upper and lower extremities |
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Term
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Definition
| someone who is paralysed and not showing outward signs of a seizure |
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Term
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Definition
begin in a specific part of the brain (cortex)
simple partial and complex partial seizures
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
phase after the seizure during which patient may be conscious but confused and tired
can last several minutes to hours
may be lethargic and may not remember the seizure
may talk but will not remember sz or events thereafter |
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Term
Preventative/prophylactic treatment
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Definition
| The institution of measures to protect a person from a disease to which he or she has been, or may be, exposed. Also called preventive treatment |
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Term
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Definition
migraine headache
tension-type headache
cluster headache and trigeminal autonomic cephalagias
other Primary ha: stabbing, cough, exertional, and associated with sexual activity |
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Term
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Definition
(secondary)
caused by identifiable transcient disturbance including:
organ failure, electrolyte imbalance, medications or med withdrawal, encephalopathy
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Term
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Definition
Also called acute bacterial meningitis- bacteria is present in the inflammation of the membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord and CSF
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Term
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Definition
head or neck trauma
cranial or cervical vascular disorders
nonvascular intracranial disorders
substance use or their withdrawal
infection
bleeding
disorders of cranial, facial, or sensory organ structures
psychiatric disorders |
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Term
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Definition
| an excessive or abnormal sudden, high frequency discharge of the brain's neurons, with or without clinical motor manifestations |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
often hidden spina bifida
a small gap may exist in one or more of the vertebrae (due to failure of posterior vertebral lamina fuse with the resultant defect covered by a layer of skin), but the spinal cord and tissues are normal |
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Term
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Definition
| a continuous seizure lasting >30 minutes or repeating seizures that occur so rapidly that the patient does not recover consciousness between them |
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Term
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Definition
most common primary ha
episodic tension type ha < 15 attacks a month
chronic tension type ha > 15 attacks a month |
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Term
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Definition
muscle contraction with increased muscle tone
result in stiffening of muscle groups
body stiffens in flexor or extensor posturing
may be accompained by a guttural cry as air is forced out of closed vocal cords |
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Term
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Definition
proceded by aura
Tonic phase= stiffening of muscles
LOC
rigidity
lasts 10-30 seconds
may make screaming or crying sounds
breathing may be impaired - cyanosis
bowel/bladder incontinence
Clonic phase- extremities twitch and jerk rhythmically
postictal with slow return to consciousness with flaccid muscles
tonic phase 10-15 seconds follwed by clonic phase (1-2 minutes)
sz usually lasts 3-5 minutes
respirations may be arrested and cyanosis can occur
may be apenic until end of clonic phase marked by a deep inspiration
postictal unpresponsiveness until RAS begins to function again
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Term
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Definition
a congenital neural tube defect in which part of the meninges or spinal cord protrudes through the spinal column, often resulting in neurological impairment. |
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