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PATHO TERMS 1, 2, 26
Nursing
51
Nursing
Not Applicable
11/20/2023

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Term
Anaerobic
Definition
Metabolism and function without oxygen
Term
Apoptosis
Definition
Normal programmed cell death in tissue
Term
Autopsy
Definition
An examination of part or all of a body, including organs, after death (postmortem) to determine the cause of illness and death
Term
Biopsy
Definition
The removal of a small piece of living tissue for microscopic examination to determine diagnosis
Term
Endogenous
Definition
Originating from within the body
Term
Exogenous
Definition
Originating from outside the body
Term
Gangrene
Definition
Necrotic tissue infected by bacteria
Term
Homeostasis
Definition
A relatively stable or constant environment in the body, including bp, temp, and pH, maintained by the various control mechanisms
Term
Hypoxia
Definition
A decreased or insufficient level of oxygen in the tissues
Term
Iatrogenic
Definition
Caused by a treatment, procedure, or error
Term
Idiopathic
Definition
No known cause
Term
Inflammation
Definition
The response to tissue damage, indicated by redness, swelling, warmth, and pain
Term
Ischemia
Definition
Decreased blood supply to an organ or tissue
Term
Lysis
Definition
Destruction of a cell
Term
Lysomal
Definition
sacs inside cells, containing enzymes that metabolize (break down) excess sugars and lipids (fats) into substances that cells can use
Term
Microorganisms
Definition
Very small living organism, not visible to the naked eye, usually single-celled
Term
Microscopic
Definition
Visible only when magnified by lenses in a microscope
Term
Morphologic
Definition
The physical size, form, structure, and shape of cells or organs
Term
Necrosis
Definition
Death of destruction of tissue
Term
Probability
Definition
The likelihood or chance of occurrence
Term
Pyroptosis
Definition
a form of cell death that is triggered by proinflammatory signals and associated with inflammation.
Term
Aldosterone
Definition
A mineralocorticoid hormone that increases the reabsorption of sodium and water in the renal tubules
Term
Anion
Definition
A negatively charged ion such as chloride, C1-
Term
Anorexia
Definition
Loss of appetite
Term
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
Definition
Increases absorption of water in the renal tubules
Term
Ascites
Definition
Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity
Term
Artial natriuretic peptide (ANP)
Definition
A cardiac hormone that regulates salt-water balance and blood pressure by promoting renal sodium and water excretion and stimulating vasodilation.
Term
Capillary permeability
Definition
Is increased, as in inflammation, proteins and large molecules are lost into the interstitial fluid.
Term
Carpopedal Spasm
Definition
A strong muscle contraction of the hand or foot
Term
Cation
Definition
A positively charged ion such as sodium NA+
Term
Diffusion
Definition
The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to low concentration
Term
Diuretic
Definition
Are medicines that help reduce fluid buildup in the body. They are sometimes called water pills. Most diuretics help the kidneys remove salt and water through the urine. T
Term
Dysrhythmia
Definition
abnormality in a physiological rhythm, especially in the activity of the brain or heart.
Term
Edema
Definition
The accumulation of excess fluid in cells, tissue, or a cavity, resulting in swelling
Term
Electrocardiogram (ECG)
Definition
A record of conduction in the heart
Term
Extracellular
Definition
Situated or taking place outside a cell or cells
Term
Hypomagnesemia
Definition
An electrolyte disturbance caused by a low serum magnesium level (less than 1.46 mg/dL) in the blood.
Term
Hypothalamus
Definition
A structure deep in your brain, acts as your body's smart control coordinating center. Its main function is to keep your body in a stable state called homeostasis.
Term
Hypovolemia
Definition
Decreased blood volume
Term
Laryngospasm
Definition
Closure of the larynx obstructing the airway
Term
Milliequivalent
Definition
Is the unit of measure often used for electrolytes
Term
Osmoreceptors
Definition
Sensory nerve receptors stimulated by changes in fluid and electrolyte concentrations
Term
Osmosis
Definition
The force that draws water through a semipermeable membrane from a solution of lower solute concentration to a solution of higher concentration
Term
Osmotic pressure
Definition
The minimum pressure that must be applied to a solution to halt the flow of solvent molecules through a semipermeable membrane (osmosis)
Term
Paresthesias
Definition
An abnormal sensation
Term
Skin turgor
Definition
The elasticity of your skin
Term
Tetany
Definition
Repeated skeletal muscle contractions or spasms, seen in the extremities and face, related to increased irritability of the nerves, often associated with hypocalcemia
Term
Bronchodilation
Definition
Relaxation of smooth muscle in the bronchioles, widening the airway
Term
Endorphins
Definition
Morphine
Term
Lipolysis
Definition
The metabolic process through which triacylglycerols (TAGs) break down via hydrolysis into their constituent molecules: glycerol and free fatty acids (FFAs). Fat storage in the body is through adipose TAGs and is utilized for heat, energy, and insulation.
Term
Maladaptive
Definition
Not providing adequate or appropriate adjustment to the environment or situation.
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