Term
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Definition
amino acid that is abundant in animal protein
inhibits elements of the anticoagulant cascade; associated with endothelial damage (possibly r/t the development of atherosclerosis |
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Term
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Definition
marker for systemic inflammation
baseline CRP levels can predict future cardiovascular events
major infections, trauma, acute hospitalization can elevate CRP 100 fold or more |
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Term
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Definition
Cardiac specific serum biomarker for acute coronary syndromes (ACS's)
primary biomarker test for the diagnosis of MI
begin 3 hours, last 7-10 days |
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Term
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Definition
serum biomarker for ACS's but NOT cardiac specific (also in skeletal muscle)
oxygen-carrying protein, similar to hemoglobin
begin 1 hr peak 4-8 hrs |
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Term
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Definition
| channels that permit perfusion of an area by more than one artery, when one becomes occluded, these increase in size allowing blood flow through patent arteries - most efficient when obstruction is gradual |
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Term
Prinzmetal angina
variant angina |
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Definition
vasospastic angina, a form of chronic ischemic heart disease caused by coronary artery spasm
occurs during rest, with minimal exercise, nocturnally |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
inflammation of heart muscle by VIRUS
causes cardiac injury, followed by an immunological response that may continue for long after the offending agent has been eliminated |
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Term
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Definition
| right-sided heart failure by long-term high blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries and right ventricle of the hear |
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Term
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Definition
| percentage of the diastolic volume that is ejected from the heart during systole |
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Term
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Definition
determinant of cardiac performance
CO=HR x ST |
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Term
| ventilation-perfusion mismatch |
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Definition
dead air space (vent no perf) and shunt (perf no vent) create a mismatch, so that gas exchange does not occur
(COPD has both) |
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Term
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Definition
| inadequate supply of oxygen to tissue despite adequate perfusion of blood |
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Term
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Definition
| excess amounts of carbon dioxide in the blood |
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Term
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Definition
amount of air that can be exhaled from the point of maximal inspiration
VC=IRV+ TV + ERV |
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Term
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Definition
insufficient blood flow to heart muscles causing chest pain, resolves before tissue death occurs - partial thickness blockage of coronary artery
no serum markers for infarct, no elevation of ST |
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Term
NSTEMI
Non-ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction |
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Definition
| partial thickness blockage of coronary artery - less serious than stemi - some tissue necrosis, serum blood markers present for necrosis, ST segment not elevated |
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Term
STEMI
ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction |
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Definition
full thickness blockage of coronary artery, most serious
ST elevation, serum blood markers for necrosis |
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Term
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Definition
| serum pH of less than 7.35 |
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Term
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Definition
| serum pH of greater than 7.45 |
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Term
DIC
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation |
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Definition
widespread activation of the coagulation system with resultant formation of fibrin clots and thrombotic occlusion of small and mid-sized vessels - exhaust clotting factors and may induce severe bleeding
contributes to MODS |
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Term
MODS
Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome |
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Definition
| altered organ fxn in an acutely ill pt - homeostasis cannot be maintained w/o intervention - can affect kidneys, lungs, liver, brain and hear - mortality 30-100% depending on how many organs affected |
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