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Patho Exam 5
exam 5
45
Pathology
Undergraduate 3
04/19/2011

Additional Pathology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Epidpadis
Definition
urethral meatus occurs on dorsal surface of penis and extends entire length of penis
Term
Epispadis Symptoms&treatment
Definition
incontinence problems and a surgical procedure to fix forskin
Term
Hypospadis
Definition

urethral meatus on ventral surface of penis and may extend length of penis

 

Chordee-downward curvature of penis!

Term
Hypospadis Symptoms
Definition

Chordee, when baby cant tell if baby male/female

SURGICAL REPAIR DONE

Term
Cryptochidism
Definition
one or both testes do not descend from abs to scrotum prior to birth
Term
Cryptorchidism risk factors
Definition
prematurity, low birth wieght, family history problems with genital dvlpmt
Term
Cryptorchidism diagnosis&treat
Definition

physicla exam, abdominal ultrasound,genetic studies

treat: manual manipulation, surgery, testicla implants

Term
Phimosis
Definition
forskin cannot be retracted from glans penis
Term
Phimosis symptoms
Definition
urinary obstruction, most common in first 3 years of life.
Term
Paraphimosis
Definition

Foreskin cant be retracted and cant return over the glans penis...constricted and edmatous..

MEDICAL EMERGENCY AND CAN EXPERIENCE GANGRENE!

Term
Priapism
Definition
prolonged, painful erection...not a result of sexual stimulation...too much blood shunting within the corps cavernosum or blood trapping in penis...men 20-50yrs old.
Term
Priapism Diagnosis&treat
Definition

Dia: penile and ab ultrasound, blood count, toxicology tests, computerized tomography

Treat: needle aspiration of blood,injection of meds into penis, surgery, cold app,

Term
Hydrocele
Definition
Fluid accumulation bt layers of tunica vaginalis or along spermatic cord
Term
Hydrocele Diagnosis
Definition

painless scrotal enlargement that translumiates and scrotal heaviness.

SHINE LIGHT INTO:

Dark/solid translumiate: tumor

see thru translumiate: fluid

Term
Spermatocele
Definition

sperm containing cyst that develops bt testes and epididymis

treat: may require surgery

Term

Varicocele

 

Definition

dilated vein in the spermatic cord..results from valveissues that allow blood to pool in veins..

SYMPTOMS:"bag of worms" feeling in scrotum

Term
Testicular Torsion
Definition

abdominal rotation of the testes on spermatic cord..sudden scrotal edema and pain!

NEED IMEDIATE TREATMENT... manual manipulation and surgery

Term
Amenorrhea
Definition

absense of menstration...genetic disorder, congenital defects, stress, sudden weight loss, anemia, pregoo, lactation, menopause.

PRIAMRY CAUSE: never had period

SECONDARY CAUSE: had period then stopped

Term
Dysmenorrhea
Definition
painful menstration...secondary or primary.. unknown cause
Term
Menorrhagia
Definition
increased mentral flow by 40ml and long periods...8-10days
Term
Metrorrhagia
Definition
Vaginal bleeding bt menstrual periods in premenopausal women
Term
Polymenorrhea
Definition
short mentral cycles, resulting in frequent menstrations
Term
Olgiomenorrhea
Definition
long, menstral cycles, resulting in infrequent menstration
Term
Cystocele
Definition

bladder protrudes into anterior wall of vagina...vary in severity, weakening of pelvic wall

SYMPTOMS: asymptomatic, visualization of bladder from vaginal opening, fulness feeling, pain or urine leakage

Term
Cystocele Treat& diagnosis
Definition

Diagnosis: phy.exam,his, voiding cystourethrogram

treat: pessary devices, surgery, estrogen therapy, kegel exercise

Term
Rectocele
Definition
rectum protrudes thru posterior wall of vagina.. rarely painful..incontinence occurs
Term
Uterine Prolapse
Definition

descent of uterus or cervix into vagina

1st degree: cervis dropped into vag

2nd degree: cervis apparent at vagina opening

3rd degree: cervis and uterus bulge thru vag opening

Term
Endometriosis
Definition
endometrium  grows outside the uterus...abnormal endometrial tissue continues to act as it normally wuld during menstruation..blood becomes trapped and irritates the surrounding tissues...
Term
Endometriosis complications
Definition
pain, cysts, scarring, adhesions, and inferitility
Term
Leiomyoma
Definition
firm, rubbery growth of myometrium...most common benign tumor in women..increase risk for abortion and pretrem labor..painful, lot of bleeding
Term
Ovarian Cysts
Definition
benign, fluid filled sacs on the ovary..may rupture..hemorrhaging, periotonitis,infertility, amenorrhea
Term
Polycystic ovary syndrome
Definition
ovary enlarges and contains numerous cysts..unknown cause..hormonal imbalance..
Term
SYSMPTOMS OF P.O.S
Definition
infertility, amenorrhea, hirsutism, acne, male pattern baldness
Term
Fibrocystic Breast Disease
Definition
numerous benign noduels in the breast...firm movable masses that become more prominent and painful during period
Term
Fibrocystic breast disease symps
Definition
non bloody discharge from breasts, dense bumpy breast tissue, heave breast pain, tenderness
Term
Mastitis
Definition
breast tissue inflamnation associated with infection and lactation...develops 6weeks of childbirth..impaired nipple or skin integrity..blocks milk flow
Term
Mastitis symps
Definition
bresat tenderness, swelling, redness, warmth, maliase, pain or burning sensation continuously while breast feeding and fever
Term
Prostatitis
Definition

inflammation of prostate that can be acute or chronic...can trigger inflam process...FOUR CATEGORIES

cat 1: acute bacterial prostatitis...UTI..least common. easy to dia&treat

cat 2: chronic bacterial pros..results from recurrent UTI..uncommon

cat 3: chronic prostatitius/chronic pelvis pain: no clear etiology..no bac present but immune cells can be found..most common and LEAST understood..symps longer than 3monts

cat 4: asymptomatic inflam pros: no clear etiology..no bac present..but immune cells found

Term
Prostatitis SYMPS,treat,&dia
Definition

symp: dysuria, difficulty peeing, frequency, nocturia, pain in abs, groin, lower pak, painful boners, recurrent UTI's

treat: long tern prganism antibiotic treat, analgesics, antipyretics, hydration, sitz bath,

dia: urinalysis, sperm analysis, cultures, cystoscopy, transrectal ultrasound

Term
Epididymitis
Definition
inflammation of epididymis...ascending bacertial infection or sti, TB, and amiodarone..E.coli is cause..can cause absecesses, fistuals, nfertility, necrosis of testes, chromin epidydimitis
Term
Epididymitis symps,dia,treat
Definition

symp: indicators of infection, scrotal tenderness, erythema, edema, penile discharge, bloody semen,

dia: blood count, ultrasound, urinalysis, cultures

treat: ab therapy, analgesics, ded rest, scrotal support and elevation, screen/treat sex parnters

Term
Pelvis Inflammatory Disease
Definition
infection of female reproductive systems..bacteria usually ascends from vagina..inferility in women..caused by sti, bacteria in child birth, endometrial procedures, abortions, bacteria invasion in blood stream
Term
PID syms,dia,treat
Definition

sym: pain in pelvis, lower ab, back, vagina discharge, bleeding afrter sex, pain during sex, urinary frequency, dysuriam, blood issues with women during period or not\

dia: pap smear, culture, complete blood count, pelvic ultrasound

treat: ab therapy, screen and treat sex partners, safe sex, avoid douching,

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