Term
|
Definition
| The human body is inhabited by harmless bacteria, (this is normal). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The colonizing bacteria need shelter and nutrition but the host isn't adversely affected. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The microorganism and the host both derive benefits from the interaction. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Where only the infecting organism benefits and the host either gains nothing or sustains injury from interaction. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The disease-producing potential of a microorganism. (the degree of pathogenicity of a microorganism as indicated by case fatality rates and/or its ability to invade the tissues of the host; the competence of any infectious agent to produce pathologic effects). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A select group of microorganisms that are so virulent they are rarely found in the absence of disease. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Free-living organisms obtaining their growth from dead/decaying organic material in the environment. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-either have ss/ds DNA or RNA.
-no organized cell structure, have protein coat (capsid).
-can't replicate outside of a cell.
-enveloped/non enveloped
-no defined nucleus |
|
|
Term
| Bacterial Characteristics |
|
Definition
-unicellular prokaryotes(lack nucleus)
-contain both DNA/RNA
-cytoplasm contains reproductive/metabolic machinery
-contain a cell wall made of peptidoglygan (unique to bacteria)
-antibiotics target peptidoglygan (PDG)
-can be gram + or gram -
-can have a flagella (tail)
-can have pili or fimbriae(hairlike)
-reproduce asexually by cell division
-can be anaerobic/aerobic
- |
|
|
Term
| Spirochetes (bacteria) characteristics |
|
Definition
-unique cellular shape (helical, and length is many times is width)
-filaments wrapped around entire cell which propel them thru aqueous environments.
-4 genera: Leptospira, Borrelia, Treponema, Brachyspria |
|
|
Term
| Mycoplasmas (bacteria) characteristics |
|
Definition
-capable of independent replication.
-don't have peptidoglycan
-cell shapes vary from coccoid (spherical) to filaments
-resistant to penicillins and cephalosporins.
-3 genera: Mycoplasma, Ureaplasma, Acholeplasma |
|
|
Term
| Rickettsiae/Chlamydiae Characteristics |
|
Definition
-obligate intracellular pathogens
-have PDG cell wall
-reproduce asexually by cell division
-contain RNA and DNA
-Rickettsiae infect fleas, ticks, lice and the bite from them will infect humans causing rocky mtn spotted fever, and typhus.
Chlamydiae causes STD's, occular infections and pneumonia in newborns, respiratory infections. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-saprophytes, free-living
-2 groups: yeasts, molds
-yeasts are single-celled, reproduce by budding
-yeast colonies are smooth w/ a waxy/creamy texture.
-molds produce hyphae(long, hollow, branching filaments)
-molds produce cross-walls which segregate hyphae into compartments.
-mold colonies are cottony/powdery composed of mats of hyphae called mycelium.
-capable of sexual or asexual reproduction.
-can cause disease in humans such as athlete's foot, ring worm, jock itch.
-antibiotics can upset the balance of commensal flora (candida albicans)resulting in yeast infections. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-includes: protozoa, helminths, and arthropods
-protozoa are unicellular animals with cellular machinery similar to eukaryotes (have nucleus, organelles)
-most protozoans are saprophytes
-protozoans cause malaria, amebic dysentery and giardiasis, can be passed directly or indirectly.
-helminths are worm like parasites (nematodes/roundworms, cestodes, tapeworms, trematodes/flukes)
-helminths reproduce sexually w/in a host, transmission occurs via ingestion of fertilized eggs or penetration of larva through skin.
-arthropods include ticks, mosquitoes, biting flies, and ectoparasites.
-ectoparasites cause localized tissue damage/inflammation secondary to a bite/burrowing action (mites, scabbies, chiggers, lice, fleas) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Primary stages of infection |
|
|
