Thrombocytopenia

Decreased platelet count leading to coagulation problem

Symptoms:

Petechiae- small hemmorages in skin

Ecchymoses- large areas of bruising or hemmorage

Epitaxis- nose bleeds

bleeding in mouth, gums and mucous membrane

Thrombocytosis

Increase in platelets

Uncommon

 Usually no serious side effects

Diagnostic Tests

• complete blood count w/ differential and indices
• biopsy of blood-forming organs
• Hematocrit(Hct) reflects amount of red cell mall as proportion of whole blood
• Hemoglobin(Hgb) reflects blood's oxygen-carrying potential
• MCV- mean corpuscular volume- reflects average size of red cell
• MCH-mean corpuscular hemoglobin- average hemoglobin content
• MCHC-mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration-average hemoglobin concentration

Folic Acid Deficiency Anemia

• folic acid needed for maturation of RBCs
• Causes: poor diet, overcooking veggies, overconsumption of alcohol
• treatment: increase folic acid intake by eating green and yellow vegetables

Pernicious Anemia

• lack of intrinistic factor leading to inadequate absorption of B12
• Treatment: monthly injections of B12 for life
• Symptoms: numbness of hands and feet 

Hemolytic Anemia

destruction of RBCs related to antibody-antigen reaction

disorder of immune system leading to destruction of erythrocytes

Treatment:

exchange transfusion and/or splenectomy

Sickle Cell Anemia

hereditary

found in African American race

Abnormal sickle shape of erythrocyte (does not allow cell to travel smoothly thru vessels)

Symptomatic treatment

no cure

Aplastic Anemia

Failure of bone marrow to produce blood componants

Causes:

chemotherapy

radiation

viruses

toxins

Symptoms:

anemia

infection

hemmorage

treatment: 50% fatality rate, avoid causative agents, bone marrow transplantaton, blood transfusions

Polycythemia

 too many blood cells

symptoms:

enlarged spleen

reddened mucous membranes

bloodshot eyes

 deep red color on palms

Von Willebrand's Disease

Hereditary

Congenital

Deficiency in clotting factor and okatelet function

AKA angiohemophilia

Affects females and males

Lymphosarcoma

type of lymohoma

AKA NHL

Symptoms similar to Hodgkin's