Gene

• fundamental unit of information storage that determines inheritance and day to day function.
• sub unit of chromosome

Human Genome Project

• begun in 1991
• estimated 100,000 genes to sequence

Gene structure that contains nucleotides

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

A nucleotide is made up of what 3 things?

1. Phosphoric acid
2. deoxyribose (sugar)
3. a nitrogenous base

What are the nitrogenous base pairs for DNA?

Adenine-thymine

Guanine-Cytosine

The body produces____ needed for protein synthesis:

             A. 22 Amino acids

             B. 19 Amino acids

             C. 20 Amino acids

             D. 23 Amino acids

C. 20 Amino acids

______ is a messenger that transcribes information needed for protein synthesis from the DNA strand.

a. tRNA

b. mRNA

c. rRNA

d. DNA

b. mRNA

Which one of the following correctly identifies the correct DNA replication sequence?

a. strand separation, codons pairing, mRNA, tRNA, rRNA

b. rRNA, mRNA, strand separation, codon pairing, tRNA

c. codon pairing, strand separation, rRNA, mRNA, tRNA

d. strand separation, mRNA, codons pairing, tRNA, rRNA

 a. strand separation, codons pairing, mRNA, tRNA, rRNA

How many possible combinations can the codon make for amino acids?

a. 20

b. 61

c. 64

d. 21

64 - 61 make particular amino acids, 3 are stop signals

RNA has what type of sugar?

a. ribose

b. glucose

c. sucrose

d. deoxyribose