Hypersensitivity

• An unfavorable response to antigen-antibody complex.
• Usually follow family genetic lines

Four types of immune response

1. Type I- IgE mediated reactions
2. Type II-Tissue specific reaction
3. Type III-Immune complex-mediated
4. Type IV-Cell-Mediated, not antibody (delayed)

Allergies

A type of exaggerated response

Autoimmunity

A misdirected response against the host

 Alloimmunity

Attacks on beneficial foreign tissues like transplants or transfusions

Anaphylaxis

A type of allergic reaction that is severe and rapid. Can be systemic or cutaneous. Symptoms-itching, vomiting, diarrhea, respiratory stress, shock or death.

Allergen

A type of environmental antigen

People who have severe allergies typically produce more ______ antibodies and is usually genetic.

IgE

Review: Name the five antibody isotypes with known functions.

IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, IgM

Review:The "Ig" prefix in IgA stands for ________, another name for antibody.

Immunoglobulin

Name four types of IgE-mediated reactions

1. Allergic asthma
2. Hives
3. Hay fever
4. anaphylactic shock

Epinephrine

Hormone that acts as the primary control mechanism for the inflammatory response (by binding to receptor sites on the mast cells-targeting cells of inflammation and controlling the release of inflammatory mediators.)

Review: Where is epinephrine manufactured in the body?

Adrenal Cortex-The term epinephrine is derived from the Greek roots epi- and nephros, and literally means on the kidney.

H1 (Histamine 1)

These are a type of receptor on host cells that cause bronchial constriction, increased vascular permeability, vasodilation and edema.

H2 (Histamine 2)

Type of receptor on some cells that create a system that stops degranulation like on Regulatory T cells.

Review: Regulatory T cells: What do they do?

(sometimes known as suppressor T cells) are a specialized subpopulation of T cells that act to suppress activation of the immune system and thereby maintain immune system homeostasis and tolerance to self-antigens.

Exposure to large amount of antigens releases what type of antibody?

a. IgA

b. IgB

c. IgE

d. IgM

c. IgE