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Pathology
Graduate
09/10/2009

Additional Pathology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

 

 

leukemia

Definition
Term
acute leukemia
Definition
Term
agnogenic myeloid metaplasia
Definition
Term

aleukemic leukemia

Definition
Term

Birbeck granule (HX body)

Definition
Term

chronic leukemia

Definition
Term

dysmegakaryocytopoiesis

Definition
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Term

granulocytopenia

Definition
Granulocytes are a category of white blood cells characterised by the presence of granules in their cytoplasm.[1] They are also called polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN or PML) because of the varying shapes of the nucleus, which is usually lobed into three segments. In common parlance, the term polymorphonuclear leukocyte often refers specifically to neutrophil granulocytes,[2] the most abundant of the granulocytes. Granulocytes or PMN are released from the bone marrow by the regulatory complement proteins.
Term

left shift

Definition

Left shift or blood shift is an increase in the number of immature leukocytes in the peripheral blood, particularly neutrophil band cells.[1]

Less commonly, left shift may also refer to a similar phenomenon in severe erythroanemia, when reticulocytes and immature erythrocyte precursors appear in the peripheral circulation.[2]

Term

achlorhydria

Definition
a stomach disorder in which the stomach fails to secrete hydrochloric acid
Term

 

Plummer-Vinson syndrome

Definition
Difficulty in swallowing caused by degeneration of the muscle of the esophagus, atrophy of the papillae of the tongue, and hypochromic anemia.
Term

Philadelphia chromosome

Definition
Philadelphia chromosome or Philadelphia translocation is a specific chromosomal abnormality that is associated with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). It is the result of a reciprocal translocation between chromosome 9 and 22, and is specifically designated t(9;22)(
Term

myeloproliferative disorder

Definition
The myeloproliferative diseases ("MPD"s) are a group of diseases of the bone marrow in which excess cells are produced. They are related to, and may evolve into, myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia, although the myeloproliferative diseases on the whole have a much better prognosis than these conditions.
Term

 

myelodysplastic syndrome

Definition
The myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS, formerly known as "preleukemia") are a diverse collection of hematological conditions united by ineffective production (or dysplasia) of myeloid blood cells and risk of transformation to acute myelogenous leukemia (AML).
Term

mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)

Definition
Term

lymphoma

Definition
any of a group of diseases characterized by progressive enlargement of lymphoid tissue resulting from the proliferation of malignant lymphoid cells
Term

leukopenia

Definition
a decrease below normal in the number of leukocytes in the blood
Term

leukocytosis

Definition
an increase in the number of leukocytes in the blood: it is a normal response to pregnancy and is found in certain intoxications and in many infections and cases of inflammation
Term

leukoerythroblastosis

Definition
An anemic condition resulting from space-occupying lesions in the bone marrow and characterized by the presence of immature granular leukocytes and nucleated erythrocytes in the circulating blood. Also called myelophthisic anemia.
Term
leukemoid reaction
Definition
an elevated white blood cell count, or leukocytosis, that is a physiologic response to stress or infection (as opposed to a primary blood malignancy, such as leukemia
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