Which of the following phyla have a gastrovascular cavity?

1. chordates
2. brachiopods
3. bivalves
4. platyhelminthes

These structures incresase the surface area of the fish gill

1. filaments, villi
2. lamellae, flagella
3. filaments, lamellae
4. ostia, capillaries

Which of the following is a difference between cnidarians and ctenophores:

1. Cnidarians have ciliated plates
2. Ctenophores have a long string of stinging cells to capture prey
3. Cnidarians have a gastrovascular cavity
4. Some cnidarians have a venom that can kill a human

Tracheoles transport _______ to mitochondria in body cells

1. blood
2. oxygen
3. hemolymph
4. glucose

The avian(bird) lung differs from the human lung because birds

1. Use tidal ventilation
2. use air sacs in addition to the lung
3. have an open circulatory system
4. have a lower surface to volume ratio

The direction of water flow and blood flow (water and blood move in opposite directions) results in:

1. 90-100% oxygenation of blood
2. Higher blood pressure
3. low hemoglobin oxygen affinity
4. 50% oxygenation of the blood

Oxygenated and deoxygenated blood can mix in this type of heart:

1. 2 chambered
2. 3 chambered
3. 4 chambered
4. Infant heart with transposition of the major blood vessels left untreated

The dinosaur willow has a:

1. 2 chambered heart
2. 4 chambered heart
3. Gastrovascular cavity
4. 3 chambered heart

In alveoli, oxygen diffuses across this distance to enter blood in the capillaries:

1. several micrometers
2. several millimeters
3. several centimeters
4. several nanometers

To increase surface area for gas exchange, the jellyfish has:

1. stinging cells
2. a body shape that is more complicated than a sphere
3. lungs
4. air sacs

Low blood pH:

1. causes hemoglobin to bind oxygen with higher affinity
2. is caused by CO₂ dissolving in the blood
3. is only found in fishes
4. is found in the human left ventricle

Some animals in the phylum cnidaria are also called

1. Sponges
2. Flatworms
3. Sea anemones
4. comb jellies

Which of the following phyla has no symmetry:

1. Porifera
2. Platyhelminthes
3. Ctenophora
4. Chordata

Annelids:

1. Are only found in the ocean
2. are segmented worms
3. have an open circulatory system
4. do not have hearts

Cephalopods

1. are non-segmented worms
2. have very muscular adductor muscles
3. have an open circulatory system
4. are bilateral

Lancelets are

1. Protostomes
2. lophophorates
3. echinoderms
4. chordates

Mullusks, annelids and arthropids:

1. are protostomes
2. are deuterostomes
3. have tracheal systems
4. have open circulatory systems

How fast can oxygen diffuse?

1. 1 micron in 10^-4seconds
2. 1 micron in 10 seconds
3. 1 micron in 10 minutes
4. 1 centimeter in 100 seconds

Air enters the animal through the

1. spiracle
2. ostea
3. sinus
4. mouth

Animals in the phylum nematoda:

1. are radially lateral
2. are also called flatworms
3. pseudocoelomates
4. deuterostomes

The notochord is found in

1. Nematoda
2. Porifera
3. Echinodermata
4. Chordata

The animals in the Burgess Shale fossils

1. are identical to present day animals
2. are mainly vertebrates
3. have some body plans that do not exist in present day animals
4. are now found only in the deep sea

Theeumetazoan branch on the animal diversity tree consists of:

1. Parazoa and deuterostomia
2. Bilateria and radiata
3. Protostomia and deuterostomia
4. Cnidaria and ctenophora

Tidal ventilation

1. is used by birds
2. in inefficient
3. is used by fishes
4. is used by jellyfish

Arteries

1. Transport blood away from the heart
2. have valves
3. ony carry oxygenated blood
4. have thin walls

"scaling" refers to the effects of 

1. bodysize
2. Low melting teperature collagen
3. evolution
4. hormones

Mackerel

1. Have 4 chambered hearts
2. have 3 chambered hearts
3. Rely on their skin for respiration
4. Have gillas that increase their surface area by 20 fold

Cellular respiration

1. Produces oxygen from carbondioxide
2. Only occurs in a few types of animals
3. Is a type of controlled combustion
4. Decreases in response to long term stress

Mesoderm

1. is the outer layer of tissue in animals
2. is the tissue that forms the digestive system
3. forms the coelom lining
4. is only found in mollusks

Hemoglobin

1. binds to 4 oxygen molecules
2. is unaffected by blood pH
3. has a green color when oxygenated
4. is oxygenated in the right atrium

Vampyroteuthis infernalis is a

1. Mollusk
2. Annelid
3. Cnidarian
4. Chordate

The mantle of one type of freshwater mussel is shaped like a fish to

1. Increase surface ares
2. Enable it to inject its larvae into the gills of fishes
3. Attract other mussels
4. Scare away fish

Arthropods

1. Have a closed circulatory system
2. Usually have lungs
3. Are a highly successful phlum on land
4. Have a body size that was accurately dipicted in the movie "Men in Black"

The surface area of a large object is generally low compared with the volume of the object. Which of the folling is true:

1. The surfac area of a 1 cm cube is 6 cm², with a volume of 1cm³
2. Spherical sea creatures can easily use their body surface for gas exchange if they are larger than 1 cm
3. Hydra that are several mm long increase their surface area by having a complex shape and a gastrovascular cavity
4. The surface area of a 2 cm cube is 12 cm², with a volume of 2cm³

The palouse earthworm differes from the earthworms we dissected in lab because

1. They are extinct and have not been observed in the wild since the last ice age
2. They are microscopic
3. They are light in color and extremely large
4. They have an open circulatory system and lack a coelom

Which of the following fishes has a really small gills because it doesn't swim far and instead uses it large mouth to ambush prey

1. Trout
2. Mackerel
3. Goosefish (video was shown of this fish in class)
4. Eel