Term
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Definition
は
(pronounced 'wa')
this particle identifies what the topic of the sentence is.
EX: アリスは女子です。
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Definition
も
also
ex: サリは猫です。
エレネストも猫です。 |
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Term
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Definition
が
(identifies what is being spoken about. more specific than は)
誰が学生?
彼女が学生。
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Term
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Definition
を(pronounced 'o')
(indicates the word that is the direct object of the verb.)
EX: 毎日、日本語を勉強する。 |
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Term
Object Destination
Particle |
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Definition
に
(the verb does something in the direction of the direct object.)
(can also indicate something more abstract, like waking up)
Ex: 猫は食べ物に行った。 |
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Term
Object Directional Particle |
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Definition
へ(pronounced 'e')
(the object is setting out towards the direction of the target, can't be used with verbs with no physical direction)
EX: 部屋へ来る。 |
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Definition
で
(can be used to indicate with what, how, where)
Ex: 車で帰った。
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Definition
と
(and,with)
Ex: スブーンとフォークで魚をたべた。
友達と話した。
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Term
Vague Listing
And/Or/etc Particles |
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Definition
や And とか
(や is a bit more 'formal' basically interchangable)
EX: 靴下とか靴を買う。
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Term
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Definition
の
(indicates either the subjects possession of the target, or that the subject is a member of the target/part of the target.)
(can also be used as an 'explanation' either by itself or as のだ if it's not a question. question, just の)
EX: 鳥のスナック賀詞。
彼は、 カナダの大学の学生だ。
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