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| mass political involvement through voting, campaign work, political protests, and civil disobedience, among many others |
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| the percentage of eligible voters who actually show up and vote on election day |
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| a proposal submitted by the public and voted upon during election |
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| a proposal submitted by a state legislature to the public for a popular vote, often focusing on whether a state should spend money in a certain way |
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| a psychological orientation, or longterm propensity to think positively of and vote regularly for, a particular political party |
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| ballots on which people vote for candidates from more than one party |
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| ballots on which people vote for only one party |
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| a particularly powerful form of issue voting in which voters look back over the past term or two to judge how well an incumbent or the inparty has performed in office |
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| expression of dissatisfaction; may take the form of demonstrations, letters to newspapers, or public officials, or simple opting out of the system by failing to vote or participate in any other way |
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| breaking the law in a nonviolent fashion and being willing to suffer the consequences, even to the point of going to jail, in order to publicly demonstrate that the law is unjust. |
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| an election held in the house if no candidate receives the required majority in the elctoral college |
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| election in which the majority party of the day wins both congress and the white house, maintainig its control of gov. |
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| election in which the minority party captures the white house because of shortterm intervening forces, and thus a deviation from the expectation that power will remain in the hands of the dominant party |
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| election characterized by massive shifts in partisan identification, as in 1932 with the new deal coalition |
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