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Part 1: Chapter 2
Electrical Signals of Nerve Cells
12
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Undergraduate 2
09/11/2014

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Term
resting membrane potential
Definition
the constant voltage generated across a neuron's membrane at rest
Term
receptor potentials
Definition
due to the activation of sensory neurons by external stimuli
Term
synaptic potentials
Definition
allow transmission of information from one neuron to another
Term
action potentials
Definition
a type of electrical signal that travels along neurons' long axons; responsible for long-range transmission of information within the nervous system & allow the nervous system to transmit information to its target organs
Term
hyperpolarization
Definition
a current delivered making a membrane potential more negative
Term
passive electrical responses
Definition
hyperpolarizing responses; do not require any unique property of neurons
Term
depolarization
Definition
a current that makes the membrane potential of a nerve cell more positive than its resting potential
Term
threshold potential
Definition
the certain level of membrane potential at which action potentials occur
Term
action potentials occur _____
Definition
fully or not at all
Term
the intensity of a stimulus is encoded in the _____ of action potentials
Definition
frequency
Term
active transporters
Definition
proteins that actively move ions into or out of cells against their concentration gradients
Term
ion channels
Definition
proteins that allow only certain kinds of ions to cross the membrane in the direction of their concentration gradients
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