Term
| Name the two subclasses of class Cestoda. |
|
Definition
| Eucestoda (true tapeworms) and Cotyloda (pseudotapeworms). |
|
|
Term
| Explain the differences between Eucestoda (true tapeworms) and Cotyloda (pseudotapeworms). |
|
Definition
Eucestoda: Scolex: four suckers; Sex organs located along lateral aspect; their lifecycle is on land with one intermediate host.
Cotyloda: Scolex: two organalles called bothria; sex organs located centrally; their lifecycle is in water with two intermediate hosts. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The head which contains four suckers. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The four suckers which the tapeworm holds on to the lining of the small intestine. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An anchor-like organelle that has backwords facing hooks to anchor in the mucosa of the small intestine. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The body wall of the tapeworm that absorbs the nutrients aquired from the host's intestine. |
|
|
Term
| List the key morphologic features of a true tapeworm. |
|
Definition
| Long, segmented, flattened, and ribbon-like. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Youngest and closest to the scolex; contain male and female sex organs; sexually immature. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Intermediate in distance from the scolex; contain male and female sex organs that are mature and functional. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The oldest and farthest away from the scolex; contain male and female sex organs that are old and spent. |
|
|
Term
| Describe the infective cycle of Cestodes. |
|
Definition
| Gravid proglottids drop off the tapeworm one at a time and pass in feces; proglottids dry up to liberate eggs; the first intermediate host ingests eggs which will develop to a second larval stage; DH ingests the IH and becomes infective. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the two species of importance in Echinococcus sp. |
|
Definition
| Echinococcus granulosus and echinococcus multilocularis. |
|
|
Term
| What similarities do Echinococcus granulosus and Echinococcus multilocularis have? |
|
Definition
| They are very zoonotic and the eggs cannot be distinguished from Taenia sp. |
|
|
Term
| Name the cycles of importance with Echinococcus granulosus. |
|
Definition
| The pastoral cycle between dogs and sheep and the sylvatic cycle between wolves and their prey (moose, elk, etc.). |
|
|
Term
| What is the primary cycle of importance with Echinococcus multilocularis? |
|
Definition
| The sylvatic cycle with rodents (IH). |
|
|
Term
| Which Cestode is referred to as the "flea tapeworm"? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the prepatent period of Dipylidium caninum? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Diphyllobothrium spp. is a broad fish tapeworm that presents as what clinical disease? |
|
Definition
| Competes for vitamin B12 (pernicious anemia). |
|
|
Term
| What are the primary hosts for Anoplocephala spp.? |
|
Definition
| The horse and donkey are infected while grazing. Found in the IH (oribatid mite). |
|
|
Term
| What hosts are affected by Moniezia spp. and how is it treated? |
|
Definition
| Sheep, goats, cattle; fenbendazole, albendazole. |
|
|
Term
| Describe the trematode life cycle. |
|
Definition
| Eggs pas undeveloped into the environment by feces; eggs require qater to develop into L1; L1 are ingested or penetrate skin of first IH (always a mollusc); develop into other larval stages that leave the snail; penetrate DH or another IH and encyst there. |
|
|
Term
| Samples to test for Paragonimus kellicoti can be taken from what sources? |
|
Definition
| Feces, sputum and transtracheal wash. |
|
|
Term
| Name the small animal fluke that can be transmitted transmammary in cats. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What diagnoses can be used to identify Alaria sp.? |
|
Definition
| Zinc sulfate or sugar solution in sedimentation. |
|
|
Term
| Fasciola sp. are flukes that will affect what animals? Name the two flukes of significance. |
|
Definition
| Large animals; small ruminants, cattle. F. hepatica and F. gigantica. |
|
|
Term
| What clinical disease may present with Fasciola sp.? |
|
Definition
Cattle: emaciation, GI upset, decreased milk production, anemia, bottle jaw, usually fatal.
Sheep/goats: progressive weakness, decreased condition, emaciation, death due to traumatic hepatitis. |
|
|
Term
| Cattle and sheep are considered aberrant hosts for this fluke. |
|
Definition
| Fascioloides magna. Cattle and sheep become infected grazing in pastures contaminated with deer and elk feces. |
|
|
