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| – flagella present in before nucleus |
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signal protein molecules that are released by macrophages
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Definition
| signals sent by cells to communicate immune response |
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Definition
| stimulates lymphocyte population, expands population of already committed lymphocytes to create more immune response |
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Definition
| activates macrophages to heighten their metabolic activity |
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Definition
| promotes inflammation by helping to bring other cells to infected area, helps modulate immune response |
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Definition
| helps uncommitted t-helper cells become committed to be specific for pathogen signals |
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Definition
| macrophage that is “angry”, macrophage is larger, more motile, stickier, CONTAIN MORE LYSOSOMES, increased phagocytic activity |
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Definition
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enzyme that breaks down hydrogen peroxide
- leishmania is able to produce enzyme to survive in phagolysosome
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Term
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Definition
liver enlargement
caused by visceral leishmaniasis |
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Definition
spleen enlargement
caused by visceral leishmaniasis
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Term
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Definition
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cells that have CD4 molecules on surfaces, helper cells that initiate immune system response to infection
- IL-2 increases immune response against leishmania, BUT IL-2 can also activate HIV in CD4 increasing effects of HIV
- Double edged sword: IL-2 activates CD4 to fight leishmania, but it also activates HIV at the same time causing increased HIV
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Term
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Definition
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T cells that have previously experienced infection and can mount a stronger/faster immune response
- once cured of disease, memory cells allow life long immunity
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Reticuloendothelial cells
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Definition
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liver and spleen loaded with fixed macrophages along blood vessels
- phagocytic cells located in reticular connective tissue (spleen and liver)
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