Term
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Definition
poultry flea that can parasitize dogs
firmly attaches to skin usually on face
lays eggs in burrow on host
larvae drop to ground |
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Term
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Definition
eggs are non sticky and are laid on host
eggs fall into environment and hatch in 1-10 days
larvae are nonparasitic, geotactic, photophobic and feed on organic debris and dried blood
larvae molt 3 times
pupae are sticky cocoon that are highly resistant
emergence of pupae depends on temperature and physical pressure
adult is attract to host base on movement, warmth, and CO2
live entire life on host
females lay eggs 3-4 days after blood meal
females can lay 13-35 eggs per day |
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Term
| Flea Bite Hypersensitivity |
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Definition
atopics may be predisposed
intermittent exposure predisposes to FAD
continuous exposure may lead to tolerance
High MW antigens - type I hypersensitivy
Low MW antigens - delayed hypersensitivy reaction |
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Term
| Flea Bite Hypersensitivity Signs in Dogs |
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Definition
on caudal 1/3 of body
pruritis, papules, crusts
pyotraumatic dermatitis
alopecia, lichenification, hyperpigmentation with chronicity |
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Term
| Flea Bite Hypersensitivity Signs in Cats |
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Definition
caudal 1/3 of body and neck
miliary dermatitis
symmetric alopecia with no lesions
eosinophilic granuloma complex |
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Term
| Flea Bite Hypersensitivity Treatment |
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Definition
flea control
Antihistamines help some animals with pruritis; only helps type I hypersensitivities
Steroids help with Type IV hypersensitivity, basophilic or delayed IgE reactions |
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Term
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Definition
cholinesterase inhibitors for flea control
potent, good residual effect
toxic to cats |
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Term
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Definition
flea control product
oil extract from Chrysanthemum flower
cause tended membrane depolarization
inactivated by UV light
rapid kill
low residual effect |
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Term
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Definition
synthetic pyrethrins
more UV stable
has activity against ticks
fast kill
toxic to cats |
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Term
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Definition
juvenile hormone analogs
ovicidal, larvicidal
long residual effect, found in many of the OTC spot ons for cats
no activity against adult fleas |
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Term
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Definition
aka Program, Sentinel
oral and injectable
insect development inhibitor
inhibits chitin synthesis
stored in body fat
not an adulticide
all contact animals need to be treated
slow acting |
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Term
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Definition
Frontline, Parastar, EasySpot
phenylpyrazole
GABA receptor antagonist
affinity for sebaceous secretions
effective against ticks
can bathe animal without losing efficacy
apply monthly for FAD patients |
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Term
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Definition
Frontline plus
addition of juvenile growth hormone nlog
prevents emergence of fipronyl resistant flea population |
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Term
| Fipronyl + S-Methoprene + Amitraz |
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Definition
Certifect for dogs
amitraz increases efficacy against ticks and also against lice and sarcoptic mites |
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Term
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Definition
Advantage
binds to post synaptic nicotinic receptors
not effective against ticks
efficacy may be decreased by bathing
apply once a month |
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Term
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Definition
Revolution
activity against fleas, ticks, dirofilaria, sarcoptes, otodectes, some nematodes
chloride channel activator |
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Term
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Definition
ProMeris for cats
blocks sodium ion channels of insect neurons
waterproof |
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Term
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Definition
Capstar
rapid acting adulticide
administered orally
eliminated within 24 hours (no residual activity)
use at time of infestation |
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Term
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Definition
Comfortis
chewable tablet once monthly
nicotinoid insectacide
rapid kill of lfeas |
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Term
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Definition
eggs deposited onto wet warm skin
debilitated animals
lesions are punches out holes which may coalesce |
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Term
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Definition
lay eggs near nests or burrows
localized lesion on head, neck, trunk
subcutaneous nodules with a fistul
remove grub without crushing |
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