Term
|
Definition
kidney tumor found in children. Cause: unknown/possible genetic link. Tumor will
spread to other regions. Sometimes children will be born with aniridia. Do not exert pressure over
the abdomen.
Symptoms:
Fever
Vomiting
Fatigue
Irregular urine coloration
Abdominal pain
Constipation
Abdominal mass
Increased BP
Tests:
BUN
Creatinine
Analysis of the urine
X-ray
CT Scan
Family history of cancer
CBC
Treatment:
Surgery
Chemotherapy
Radiation |
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Term
| Neuroblastoma. Sx, tests, tx, monitoring |
|
Definition
tumor in children that starts from nervous tissue. Capable of spreading rapidly. Cause unknown.
Symptoms:
Abdominal mass
Skin color changes
Fatigue
Tachycardia
Motor paralysis
Anxiety
Diarrhea
Random eye movements
Bone and joint pain
Labored breathing
Tests:
Bone scan
CBC
MIBG scan
Catecholamines tests
X-ray
CT scan
MRI
Treatment:
Radiation
Chemotherapy
Surgery
Monitor the patient for:
Kidney failure
Metastasis
Various Organ system failures
Liver failure |
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|
Term
| Cerebral palsy. Types, sx, tests, tx |
|
Definition
Cerebrum injury causing multiple nerve function deficits.
Types:
Spastic CP 50%
Dyskinetic CP 20%
Mixed CP
Ataxic CP
Symptoms:
Poor respiration status
Mental retardation
Spasticity
Speech and language deficits
Delayed motor and sensory development
Seizures
Joint contractions
Tests:
Sensory and Motor Skill testing
Check for spasticity
CT scan/MRI
EEG
Treatment:
PT/OT/ST
Surgery
Seizure medications
Spasticity reducin |
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Term
| Croup: sx, tests, tx, monitoring |
|
Definition
trouble breathing in infants and children that can be caused by bacteria, viruses, allergies
or foreign objects. Primarily, caused by viruses.
Symptoms:
Labored breathing
Symptoms increased at night.
Noisy cough
Stridor
Tests:
X-rays
Breaths sounds check
Treatment:
Acetaminophen
Steroid medications
Intubation
Nebulizers
Monitor the patient for:
Respiratory arrest
Atelectasis
Dehydration
Epiglottitis |
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|
Term
| Kawasaki disease. sx, tests, tx monitoring |
|
Definition
a disease that affects young children primarily. Unknown origin probable
autoimmune disease. Attacks the heart, blood vessels, and lymph nodes.
Symptoms:
Fever
Joint pain
Swollen lymph nodes
Peripheral edema
Rashes
Papillae on the tongue
Chapped/Red lips
Tests:
CBC
Presence of pyuria
Chest X-ray
ECGH
ESR
Urine Analysis
Treatment:
Gamma globulin
Salicylate treatment
Monitor the patient for:
Coronary aneurysm
MI
Vasculitis |
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|
Term
| Pyloric stenosis. Sx, tests, tx, vaccinations |
|
Definition
a narrowing of the opening between the intestine and stomach. Most common
in infants. May have genetic factors
Symptoms:
Diarrhea
Abdominal pain
Belching
Vomiting
Weight loss
Tests:
Abdomen distended
Barium X-ray
US
Electrolyte imbalance
Treatment:
Surgery
IV fluids
Vaccinations
Attenuated – Varicella, MMR
Inactivated – Influenza
Toxoid – Tetanus/Diptheria
Biosynthetic – Hib conjugate vaccine |
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Term
| Tetralogy of Fallot. defects, tests, sx, tx, monitoring |
|
Definition
4 heart defects that are congenital. Poorly oxygenated blood is pumped to
the body’s tissues.
4 factors:
Right ventricular hypertrophy
Ventricular septal defect
Aorta from both ventricles
Stenosis of the pulmonic outflow tract
Symptoms:
Poor weight gain
Cyanosis
Death
Limited infant feeding
Clubbing
SOB
Tests:
Chest X-ray
EKG
Echocardiogram
Heart Catheterization
CBC
Heart Murmur
Treatment:
Surgery
Small meals
Limit child’s anxiety
Monitor the patient for:
Seizures
Poor overall development
Cyanois |
|
|
Term
| Atrial septal defect. Sx, tests, tx, monitoring |
|
Definition
congenital opening between the atria.
Symptoms:
Dyspnea
Reoccurring infections (respiratory)
SOB
Palpitations
Tests:
Catheterization
Echocardiography
ECG
MRI
Irregular heart rhythm/sounds
Treatment:
Surgery
Antibiotics
Monitor the patient for:
Heart failure
A fib.
Pulmonary Htn.
Endocarditis |
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|
Term
| Ventricular septal defect. Sx, tests, monitoring |
|
Definition
opening between the ventricles of the heart.
Symptoms:
Poor weight gain
Labored breathing
Profuse sweating
SOB
Poor color
Irregular heart beat
Respiratory infections reoccurring
Tests:
Ausculatation
Echocardiogram
ECG
Chest X-ray
Treatment:
Digoxin
Surgery
Digitalis
Monitor the patient for:
Endocarditis
Pulmonary Htn.
Aortic insufficiency
Limited growth and development
Arrhythmias
CHF |
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Term
| Patient ductus arteriosus. Sx, tests, tx, monitoring |
|
Definition
open blood vessel (ductus ateriosus) that does not close after birth.
Symptoms:
SOB
Limited feeding
Tests:
ECG
Echocardiogram
Heart murmur
Chest X-ray
Treatment:
Surgery
Indomethacin
Decrease fluid volumes
Monitor the patient for:
Surgical complications
Endocarditis
Heart failure |
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|
Term
|
Definition
aorta becomes narrow at some point due to a birth defect
Symptoms:
Headache
Hypertension with activity
Nose bleeding
Fainting
SOB
Tests:
Check BP
Doppler US
Chest CT
MRI
ECG
Chest X-ray
Cardiac catheterization
Treatment:
Surgery
Monitor the patient for:
Stroke
Heart failure
Aortic aneurysm
Htn
CAD
Endocarditis
Aortic dissection |
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