Term
|
Definition
Discrete Response
Cranial/ Sacral origination
Presynaptic neurons release Ach
Postsynaptic neurons release Ach
Conserves Fuel, maintains GI |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
thoraco-lumbar origination
Presynaptic neurons – Ach
Postsynaptic neurons –NE
Fight or Flight Response |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A. Bethanecol (URECHOLINE) – increase GI motility
B. Carbachol (ISOPTO, MIOSTAT, CARBACHOL) – various types of glaucoma
C. Methacholine (PROVOCHOLINE) – test hyperactivity of airways
D. Pilocarpine – used for glaucoma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A. Pysostigmine (ANTILIRIUM) – treat glaucoma, crosses BBB, reverse
anticholinergic toxicity.
B. Neostigmine (PROSTIGMIN) – synthetic form of Pysostigmine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
used for Myasthenia gravis, glaucoma, and to increase tone in
bladder
Symptoms of Anticholinesterase toxicity:
1. Miosis
2. Rhinitis
3. Bradycardia
4. GI spasms
5. brochoconstriction
6. involuntary voiding of urine |
|
|
Term
Muscarinic Antagonists
anticholinergic |
|
Definition
A. Atropine - anticholinergic effects
B. Scopolamine – causes cycloplegic, impotence and used primarily in motion
sickness preparations
(Muscarinic Antagonists) – used treat spastic GI, Parkinson’s Disease, Asthma,
Treatment of Peptic Ulcers
2. Ganglionic Blockers – Hexamethonium – blocks nicotinic receptors
Anticholinergics (Parasympatholytics) – used in the treatment of renal colic, allergic
rhinitis, and peptic ulcers. |
|
|
Term
Adrenegic Agonists
1. Alpha-1 |
|
Definition
Phenylephrine (NEO-SYNEPHRINE) – used to treat
hypotension, tachycardia and nasal congestion. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Clonidine (CATAPRESS) – used as an antianxiety and
analgesic drug. Also used to treat mild to moderate hypertension |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A. Dobutamine (DOBUTREX) – short term management of cardiac
decompensation following surgery
B. Dopamine (DOPASTAT) – similar to Dobutamine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Salbutamol (ALBUTEROL)- relaxes bronchial smooth
muscle oral inhalant |
|
|
Term
Adrenergic
nonselective Beta agonist |
|
Definition
Isoproterenol- increases heart rate, vasodilation,
bronchodilation, increased renin release |
|
|
Term
Adrenergic
mixed alpha-beta agonists |
|
Definition
A. NE – (alpha 1 = alpha 2 > beta 1) – increased TPR, constriction of GI
sphincters, elevates blood sugar
B. Epinephrine – increased systolic BP, decreased diastolic BP,
bronchodilation, and relaxation of GI smooth muscles, also elevates blood
sugar
C. Amphetamines- Methylphenidate (RITALIN)- used to treat hyperactive
disorders
D. Ephedrine (EFEDRON NASAL)- used to treat shock, nasal congestion,
asthma, narcolepsy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
used to decrease vascular tone and treatment of
pheochromocytoma
A. Phenoxybenzamine (DIBENZALINE) used to treat Raynaud’s disease
B. Prazosin (MINIPRESS) used to treat hypertension
C. Terazosin (HYTRIN) used to vasodilate and reduce serum lipid levels. |
|
|
Term
| Non selective alpha antagonists |
|
Definition
A. Phentolamine (REGINTINE) control BP during pheochromocytoma
B. Ergot Alkaloids (Ergotamine) used to treat migranes and relax constricted
vessels. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A. Metoprolol (LOPRESSOR) used in the treatment of hypertension and blocks
cardiac beta receptors
B. Atenolol (TENORMIN) used in the treatment of hypertension, chronic stable
angina, and myocardial infarct |
|
|
Term
| Nonselective Beta blockers |
|
Definition
Propranolol (INDERAL) prototype beta blocker used for the treatment of
hypertension, angina, migranes, and to prevent MI |
|
|
