Term
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Definition
keratin layer
Non-living, horny layer
Stratified layers of Keratincytes
Not found in mucous membranes
The Major Barrier |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
The area of epidermis between the granulosum and basale.
This layer is also referred to as the "spinous" or "prickle-cell" layer |
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Term
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Definition
Contains keratin-forming cells
Melanocytes
Langerhans’ cells – found throughout epidermis
Merkel’s cells |
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Term
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Definition
ÉConnective Tissue
ÐCollagen fibers
×Reticulin fibers
×Elastin fibers
ÉCellular Elements
ÐFibroblasts – form collagen
ÐMast cells – contain histamine
ÐMacrophages, Lymphocytes
ÉGround Substance
ÐAmorphous matrix of proteins |
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Term
| Subcutaneous is composed of... |
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Definition
ÉFat layer
ÉContains:
ÐLarge blood vessels
ÐNerves
ÐLymphatics
ÐBase of
×hair follicles
×sweat glands
×Sebaceous glands
ÉServes as:
ÐInsulation for retaining heat
ÐShock absorber |
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Term
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Definition
Ò2 types of adult hair
ÉVellus hair
ÐThin
ÐInconspicuous
Ðrelatively unpigmented
ÉTerminal hair
ÐScalp, brow, extremities, pubic, axillae
Ðcoarser thicker
Ðmore conspicuous
typically pigmented |
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Term
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Definition
ÉAnagen phase
ÐGrowing phase
Ðx 2-5 yrs
Ð85-90% of scalp hair
Ð↓ with age/male pattern baldness
ÉCatagen phase
ÐShort transitional phase
ÉTelogen phase
ÐResting phase
Ð~ x 3 mos
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Term
| 2 Classification of Lesions |
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Definition
Primary Lesion
Secondary Lesion |
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Term
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Definition
Ðinitial lesion, beginning of most skin diseases |
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Term
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Definition
Ðsubsequent lesions that develop during the evolutionary process of skin disease or are created by scratching or infection
ÐMaybe the only type of lesion present |
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Term
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Definition
Non-palpable
Palpable
Fluid-filled
Vacular (within vessel)
Vascular (outside of vessel)
Special Primary Lesions
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Papule
Plaque
Wheal
Nodule
Tumor |
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Term
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Definition
Vesicle
Bulla
Pustule
Cyst |
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Term
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Definition
Telangiectasia
Spider angioma
Venous star
Capillary hemangioma
Cherry angioma |
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Term
| Vascular (outside of vessel) |
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Definition
Petechia
Purpura
Ecchymosis |
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Term
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Definition
Comedo
Burrow
Abscess
Furuncle
Carbuncle |
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Term
| Types of Secondary Lesions |
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Definition
1. Loss of Skin Surface
Fissure
Erosion
Ulcer
2. Material on skin surface
Scale
Crust
3. Change in Texture
Lichenification
Scar
Keloid
Excoriation
Hyperkeratosis
Striae |
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Term
| characterization of identified lesions |
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Definition
ÒColor
ÒMargination
ÉWell defined vs ill defined
ÒShape
ÒPalpation
ÉConsistancy
ÉTemperature
ÉMobility |
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Term
| evaluation of arrangement, patterns, and distribution |
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Definition
ÉNumber
ÉArrangement
ÐGrouped
Ðdisseminated
ÉConfluence
ÉDistribution
ÐExtent
Ðpattern |
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Term
| Primary Skin Lesions - Flat non-palpable |
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Definition
Macule < 1
Ex: freckels, moles
Patch > 1 cm
Ex: vitiligo, cafe' au lait spots
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Term
Primary Lesion - Palpable
Papule |
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Definition
Ð<1cm
Ðdiscrete, solid, elevated, firm
circumscribed
Wart or elevated moles |
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Term
Primary Lesion - Palpable
Nodule |
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Definition
Ð1 – 2 cm
ÐCircumscribed, elevated, solid
ÐDermal or subdermal |
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Term
Primary Lesion - Palpable
Tumor |
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Definition
Ð>2cm
ÐLarger version of nodule
ÐBenign or malignant |
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Term
Primary Lesion - Palpable
Plaque |
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Definition
Ð>1cm
ÐElevated, firm, rough lesions
with flat top surface
Ð**Surface area > height
×Psoriasis, Seborrheic/actinic
keratoses |
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Term
Primary Lesion - Palpable
Wheal |
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Definition
ÐNo size
ÐElevated, irregular-shaped
area of cutaneous edema
ÐSolid, transient, variable
diameter
×Hives or whelts
×Insect bites
×PPD |
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Term
Primary Lesion - Fluid-filled
Vesicle |
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Definition
Ð< 1 cm
ÐElevated, circumscribed
ÐSuperficial, not into dermis
ÐFilled with serous fluid
×Varicella
×Herpes Zoster |
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Term
Primary Lesion - Fluid-filled
Pustule |
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Definition
Ð< 1 cm
ÐElevated, superficial
ÐVesicle filled with
purulent material (pus)
×Acne
Impetigo |
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Term
Primary Lesion - Fluid-filled
Bullae |
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Definition
ÐVesicle that is > 1 cm
×Blister
×Pemphigous vulagaris
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Term
Primary Lesion - Fluid-filled
Cyst |
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Definition
ÐNo size
ÐElevated, circumscribed, encapsulated
lesion
ÐFilled with liquid (purulent)
or semisolid substance that is
surrounded by a membranous sac
×Sebaceous cyst
×Cystic acne |
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Term
Primary Lesions - Vascular (within vessel)
TELENGECTASIAS |
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Definition
ÉVisible, persistent, dilation of small
Ésuperficial cutaneous blood
vessels
ÉRosacea Acne |
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Term
Primary Lesions - Vascular (w/in vessel)
SPIDER ANGIOMA |
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Definition
ÉBright red
ÉBlanch with pressure to central area
Éfaintly pulsatile
Éconsists of a
Ðcentral arteriole with slender projections resembling spider legs
ÉLiver failure |
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Term
Primary Lesions - Vascular (w/in vessels)
CAPILLARY HEMANGIOMA |
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Definition
ÉMost commonly found on the
ÐFace
ÐScalp
ÐBack
Ðchest
ÉUsually gone by age ten |
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Term
Primary Lesion - Vascular (w/in vessel)
VENOUS SPIDER (Star) |
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Definition
A.k.a. “SPIDER VEINS”
A dilated veins that form a spider like pattern
Larger and darker than spider angiomas (less red and more violaceous and blue)
2° to increased venous pressure |
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Term
Primary Lesion - Vascular (w/in vessel)
CHERRY ANGIOMA |
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Definition
Bright red papule
1-3 mm in size
Sometimes surrounded by a pale halo
Usually found on trunk |
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