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Paleontology
Chapters 12 & 13 Vocabulary
52
Geology
11th Grade
04/16/2009

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Cards

Term
Crinoid
Definition
Also called Sea Lily, made of a segmented stalk, calyx and tentacles
Term
Trilobite
Definition
Bug-like creature that had three lobes made of narrow segments
Term
Oreodont
Definition
Sheep-like creature, was eaten by Saber-toothed cats
Term
Saber-toothed
Definition
These cats had long fangs for piercing their prey
Term
Brachiopod
Definition
These shelled creatures look like clams or mussels but were on a stalk
Term
Coprolites
Definition
Fossil dung
Term
Tyrannosaur
Definition
This large dinosaur was thought to be a vicious predator but may have been a scavenger, Sue is the best specimen found so far
Term
Stegosaurus
Definition
This large herbivore had large blade-like plates running down its back and had a tail with spikes on it
Term
Triceratops
Definition
Had three large horns and a head shield for protection
Term
Pterodactyl
Definition
Flying dinosaur, probably was a glider
Term
Eurypterid
Definition
Sea-scorpion
Term
Ammonite
Definition
Coiled-shell mollusk, only one alive to day is the common nautilus
Term
Gastropod
Definition
These are like modern snails
Term
Scute
Definition
Another word for scale, from alligator's skin
Term
Fern
Definition
Plant fossil found in shale concretions
Term
Horncoral
Definition
This type of coral is also called cup coral
Term
Foot
Definition
This type of print can teach us about how fast a dinosaur runs
Term
Amber
Definition
This plant resin can trap insects, preserving them whole
Term
Mastodon
Definition
This animal is like an elephant, was covered in hair and had upward curving tusks
Term
Brittlestar
Definition
This type of animal looks like a very fragile "starfish"
Term
Tar
Definition
This type of pit is found out in California; animals trapped in this sticky material would die and be preserved whole
Term
Whole Organism
Definition
This type of preservation is best exemplified by mammoths in ice, bugs in amber and fossils in tar pits
Term
Replaced Remains
Definition
Petrified wood and bones turned to stone are two good examples of this type of fossilization
Term
Petrified
Definition
This word means to be turned to stone
Term
Cast
Definition
The partner to mold
Term
Mold
Definition
The partner to cast
Term
Trace
Definition
This type of fossil doesnt show the animal but shows an animal was present; best exemplified by coprolites, foot prints and skin impressions
Term
Relative
Definition
A type of dating that gives sequence but not specific times or dates
Term
Absolute
Definition
A type of dating that gives dates; often relies on radioactive materials and decay rates
Term
Paleontology
Definition
The study of Earth's history
Term
Horizontality
Definition
Principle of Original __?__; Sedimentary rocks are laid down in flat layers
Term
Superposition
Definition
This law says rocks on top of other rocks are younger than those below
Term
Cutting
Definition
The Law of Cross-__?__ Relationships says that you cannot fracture a layer that isn't already there; breaks are younger than the rocks they cross
Term
Fragments
Definition
The Law of Included __?__ means that the sediments of sedimentary rock are older than the rock they now form
Term
Break
Definition
Unconformities are a __?__ in the rock record
Term
Era
Definition
Largest block of geologic time
Term
Periods
Definition
Eras are broken into __?__
Term
Epochs
Definition
Periods are broken into __?__
Term
Archeozoic
Definition
Oldest era; not much evidence of life
Term
Proterozoic
Definition
Era of bacteria, algae and worms
Term
Paleozoic
Definition
Era of invertebrates filled with trilobites and crinoids
Term
Mesozoic
Definition
Era of the dinosaurs
Term
Cenozoic
Definition
Era of the mammals
Term
Burial
Definition
Rapid __?__ is required to form fossils
Term
Index
Definition
This is the use of fossils to connect layers that are supposed to be the same age
Term
Fit
Definition
Organisms appear in the fossil record fully adapted and highly __?__ for survival
Term
Never
Definition
This word describes the number of times we see transitional forms in the fossil record
Term
Climates
Definition
Fossils can be used to indicate former weather patterns or __?__
Term
Oil
Definition
Fossils can be used to detect __?__ reserves
Term
Day
Definition
In Genesis, this word means 24 hours
Term
Good
Definition
In Genesis, God's creation is described as being __?__.
Term
Death
Definition
From a Christian perspective, this came after Adam and Eve sinned... not before.
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