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Definition
| The Sun burns hydrogen in a process called nuclear ________________. |
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| __________________ form as the material in the disc around a pre-existing star begins to condense around a rocky or icy core. |
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| The Sun's diameter is ________________ times bigger than the Earth's. |
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What, other than planets reflect starlight in the nighttime sky?
Hint: We talked about 3 in class! |
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| ________________ is the smallest planet in our solar system. |
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| ____________________ is the largest planet in our solar system. |
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| __________________ is the oldest planet in our solar system. |
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| ___________________ is the outermost planet in our solar system. |
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| Mercury is 0.5 AU from the sun. How many miles is that? |
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| What does the unit AU stand for? |
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| How long does it take light to get from the Sun to the Earth? |
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| This is the distance (in miles) between the Sun and the Earth. |
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| How far is Mars from Earth, at its closest point? |
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| With current technology, how many days would a trip to Mars take (1 way)? |
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| rocky or terrestrial; gas giants or jovial |
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Definition
| The four inner planets are the ____________________ planets, while the 4 outer planets are the _________________. |
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Definition
| What percentage of the solar system's mass is in the Sun? |
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Term
| B. Planets revolve around the sun in all different directions. |
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Definition
Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the planetary orbits in our solar system?
A. Orbits are all on an almost flat plane.
B. Planets revolve around the Sun in different directions.
C. Most planets rotate counterclockwise. |
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Definition
| This force is what makes planets and stars round. |
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| Inner planets rocky; outer planets gaseous |
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Definition
| What evidence do we have that the solar system formed from a huge cloud of different gases and dust specks? |
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Term
| The planets orbit the sun on the same plane |
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Definition
| What evidence do we have that the cloud of gas and dust that the solar system formed from was flat? |
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Term
| All planets revolve around the sun in a counter-clockwise direction; they also rotate (most) in a counter-clockwise direction. |
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| What evidence do we have that the cloud of gas and dust that the solar system formed from was spinning? |
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Rotation= spinning on axis= day and night
Revolution= orbit around sun= years and seasons |
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| What is the difference between Earth's rotation and its revolution? |
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| This planet does not rotate like the others, it turns in a clockwise direction. |
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| This planet rotates on its side, in a rolling motion. |
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False
Planets have migrated closer and farther from the Sun as they settled into their orbits |
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True or False
All of the planets in the solar system formed at the same distance from the Sun that they are today. |
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Term
Sojourner
Spirit
Opportunity
Curiosity
Perseverance |
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Definition
| What are the names of the 5 rovers we have sent to Mars? |
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| To find life, or past signs of life on Mars |
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| What is the goal of the current rover mission on Mars? |
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Term
| Isaac Newton and Albert Einstein |
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| Name the 2 scientists we credit with explaining how we understand Gravity. |
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| NASA's Cassini probe taught us that these two moons of Saturn may be hospitable for life. |
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| NASA's Juno spacecraft gave us a lot of information about which planet in our solar system? |
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| NASA's Kepler Space Telescope discovered 5,071 exoplanets throughout 3,800 different solar systems. It did this by measuring the brightness of stars, and the dimming effect of planets passing by. What is this method called? |
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Definition
How fast does light travel?
A. 670,616,629 mph
B. 700 mph
C. 93,000 mph
D. It's too fast to measure. |
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True or False
Gravity and light travel at the same speed. |
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| If you could travel at the speed of light, how long would it take to cross the Milky Way Galaxy? |
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| Chandra is NASA's X-ray observatory, and it is nicknamed what? |
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Definition
| NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope detects this type of radiation (light). |
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Term
| C. Study how climate change affects other planets |
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Definition
Which of the following is NOT a goal of the James Webb Space Telescope's (JWST) mission?
A. Search for the oldest stars and galaxies in the universe
B. Determine how galaxies evolve
C. Study how climate change affects other planets
D. Observe every step of solar system formation |
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| The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has located the most distant star ever found, which is 12.4 billion light years away. The name of this star is __________________. |
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Definition
This image, called the Ultra Deep Field, takes us 13.4 billion years into the past. Which NASA space telescope gave us this famous picture?
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Term
| Cosmic Microwave Background |
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Definition
The Planck Observatory (ESA) generated this image, which is a picture of our universe when it was only 380,000 years old. What is this now famous image called?
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